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Biological and Chemical Concepts - Scholarly Flashcards.csv
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Biological and Chemical Concepts - Scholarly Flashcards.csv
Biological and Chemical Concepts
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1
Question
What is an atom?
Answer
The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.
2
Question
Define an element.
Answer
A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom.
3
Question
What is a compound?
Answer
A substance formed when two or more elements chemically bond.
4
Question
What is a cell?
Answer
The basic unit of life in all living organisms.
5
Question
What is tissue?
Answer
A group of cells working together to perform a specific function.
6
Question
Define an organ.
Answer
A collection of tissues that work together to perform a specific function.
7
Question
What is an organ system?
Answer
A group of organs working together to perform a major function in the body.
8
Question
What is an organelle?
Answer
Specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions such as mitochondria and the nucleus.
9
Question
What defines an ecosystem?
Answer
A biological community of interacting organisms and their environment.
10
Question
Define a population in biological terms.
Answer
A group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area.
11
Question
What characterizes a rainforest?
Answer
A dense tropical forest with high biodiversity and high rainfall.
12
Question
How does an atom relate to an element?
Answer
An atom is the smallest unit of matter and an element is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom.
13
Question
What is the relationship between tissues and organs?
Answer
Tissues are groups of cells that work together and organs are collections of tissues that perform a specific function.
14
Question
Explain the hierarchy of biological organization starting from atoms to ecosystems.
Answer
Atoms form elements elements combine to create compounds compounds form cells cells create tissues tissues organize into organs organs work together in organ systems and these systems interact in ecosystems.
15
Question
What functions do organelles perform within cells?
Answer
Organelles such as mitochondria provide energy while the nucleus stores genetic information and regulates cellular activities.
16
Question
Why are rainforests considered biodiversity hotspots?
Answer
Rainforests contain a vast variety of species and ecosystems due to their dense vegetation and stable warm humid climate.
17
Question
What is the mass of an atom called and how is it determined?
Answer
The mass of an atom is called Atomic Mass and it is approximately the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
18
Question
What is Atomic Weight and how is it different from Atomic Mass?
Answer
Atomic Weight is the average mass of the atoms of an element taking into account the relative abundances of its isotopes. It differs from Atomic Mass which refers to the mass of a specific atom.
19
Question
What is a Proton and where is it located?
Answer
A Proton is a positively charged subatomic particle that resides in the nucleus of an atom.
20
Question
Describe a Neutron and its role in the atom.
Answer
A Neutron is a neutral subatomic particle located in the nucleus of an atom. It contributes to the mass of the atom but does not have an electrical charge.
21
Question
What is the charge and location of an Electron?
Answer
An Electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom found in energy shells.
22
Question
What are Energy Shells?
Answer
Energy Shells are the orbital regions surrounding the nucleus where electrons are found.
23
Question
What defines an Isotope?
Answer
An Isotope is defined as atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
24
Question
What is an Ion?
Answer
An Ion is an atom or molecule that has a net electrical charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
25
Question
What is an Anion and how is it formed?
Answer
An Anion is a negatively charged ion that is formed when an atom gains electrons.
26
Question
What is a Cation and how is it formed?
Answer
A Cation is a positively charged ion created when an atom loses electrons.
27
Question
What are Chemical Bonds and why are they important?
Answer
Chemical Bonds are the forces that hold atoms together in molecules. They are crucial for forming compounds and biological molecules including ionic covalent and hydrogen bonds.
28
Question
What is Testosterone and its primary function?
Answer
Testosterone is a steroid hormone responsible for the development of male reproductive tissues promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass.
29
Question
What is Estrogen and its role in the body?
Answer
Estrogen is a hormone involved in female reproductive development and function influencing menstrual cycles pregnancy and secondary sexual characteristics.
30
Question
What is an acid?
Answer
An acid is a substance that increases the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration in a solution. It typically has a pH value of less than 7.