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Cell Cycle and Genetics
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Cell Cycle and Genetics
Cell Cycle and Genetics
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1
Question
The levels of cyclin will vary throughout the cell cycle while CDKs are always present. True or False?
Answer
False
2
Question
What is the sequence of events in a typical eukaryotic cell cycle?
Answer
G1 to S to G2 to mitosis to cytokinesis.
3
Question
Cancer can be defined as uncontrollable or unregulated cell division. True or False?
Answer
False.
4
Question
The stage of the cell cycle during which the cytoplasm divides to form two cells is called?
Answer
Cytokinesis.
5
Question
During this stage of mitosis, the chromosomes become attached to the spindle at their kinetochores. What is this stage?
Answer
Prometaphase.
6
Question
Interphase is made up of what stages of the cell cycle?
Answer
G1, S, G2.
7
Question
This stage of mitosis is characterized by the disassembly of spindle apparatus, the re-establishment of the nuclear membrane, and the decondensation of the chromosomes. What is this stage?
Answer
Telophase.
8
Question
The portion of the cell cycle when the cell is growing and does not contain a replicated genome is referred to as?
Answer
G1.
9
Question
Before cell division of somatic cells, each chromosome must be replicated. After replication, the resulting two parts of each chromosome are held together by cohesin at the centromere. These two parts are referred to as?
Answer
Sister chromatids.
10
Question
At what checkpoints does the cell arrest in response to DNA damage?
Answer
G1/S and G2/M.
11
Question
Plant cells typically achieve cytokinesis by?
Answer
Forming a cell plate across the middle of the cell.
12
Question
Match each phase of cell division to its correct definition: Prophase.
Answer
Disintegration of the nucleus, growth of the spindle fibers, and condensation of the chromosomes.
13
Question
Match each phase of cell division to its correct definition: Prometaphase.
Answer
Kinetochores attach to the centromeres and begin to move them to the middle of the cell.
14
Question
Match each phase of cell division to its correct definition: Metaphase.
Answer
Chromosomes align at the middle of the cell.
15
Question
Match each phase of cell division to its correct definition: Anaphase.
Answer
Shortening of the kinetochores that separate the chromatids and begin to move them to the opposite poles.
16
Question
Match each phase of cell division to its correct definition: Telophase.
Answer
Disintegration of the spindle fibers, formation of the nuclei, and de-condensation of the chromosomes back to chromatin.
17
Question
Match each phase of cell division to its correct definition: Cytokinesis.
Answer
Separation of the cells.
18
Question
Homologous chromosomes pair along their length during prophase I of meiosis. While two homologues are paired, genetic exchange may occur between them in a process called?
Answer
Crossing over.
19
Question
The pairing of chromosomes along their lengths, which is essential for crossing over, is referred to as?
Answer
Synapsis.
20
Question
Diploid organisms use meiosis to produce haploid cells. Meiosis consists of how many rounds of nuclear division?
Answer
Two.
21
Question
In 95 of cases of Down's syndrome, there is one extra chromosome number 21 in every cell. This aneuploid condition is most likely the result of?
Answer
Failure of 1 homologous pair to segregate during meiosis.
22
Question
Which structure holds two homologous chromosomes together?
Answer
Synaptonemal complex.
23
Question
Chromosomes exchange genetic information by?
Answer
Crossing over.
24
Question
The synaptonemal complex is?
Answer
A network of proteins that holds homologues together.
25
Question
The cell produced by the fusion of an egg and a sperm is the?
Answer
Zygote.
26
Question
Cells contain one set of chromosomes. What is this type of cell?
Answer
Haploid.
27
Question
What is the process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes per cell from 2 sets to 1 set?
Answer
Meiosis.
28
Question
Match the following terms to their correct definition: Zygote.
Answer
A single cell that results from fertilization.
29
Question
Match the following terms to their correct definition: Haploid.
Answer
A cell with half of the chromosomes (n).
30
Question
Match the following terms to their correct definition: Diploid.
Answer
Cell with double the number of chromosomes (2n).