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Statistics Concepts
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Statistics Concepts
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What is quota sampling?
Quota sampling is the equivalent of stratified random sampling in terms of non-probability sampling.
What is a 'Sample' in statistics?
A sample is a subset taken from the population.
What are inferential statistics?
Inferential statistics use sample data to make inferences about a population, generalizing from samples to populations, performing hypothesis testing, determining relationships among variables, and making predictions.
What is simple random sampling?
Simple Random Sampling is a process of selecting a sample size from the population, and it is the most commonly used sampling technique.
What is the interval level of measurement?
Interval data is the same as ordinal data, with the additional property that we can determine meaningful amounts of differences between data, but it has no true zero point (e.g., scores, temperature, IQ).
What is a 'Constant'?
A constant is a characteristic or property whereby the members of the group do not differ from one another.
What is snowball sampling?
Snowball sampling is sometimes called chain referral sampling, where the researcher chooses a respondent and asks them to refer other possible respondents.
What are descriptive statistics?
Descriptive statistics involve organizing, presenting, or summarizing a set of data or observations in an informative way.
What are the reasons for sampling?
1. The destructive nature of the objects or things under study. 2. The population under study is too large.
What are ambiguous averages?
Common measures that are loosely called averages, such as mean, median, mode, and midrange, that can differ from the data set.
Define 'Statistic'.
A statistic is a numerical measure or characteristic of the sample.
What is convenience sampling?
Convenience Sampling (haphazard sampling) involves samples that are readily available to participate in the study.
What is purposive sampling?
Purposive Sampling is done with a purpose in mind, focusing on samples based on the judgment of the researcher.
What are the two major types of sampling?
1. Random Sampling (Scientific Sampling) - members have an equal chance of being selected. 2. Non-Random Sampling (Non-Scientific Sampling) - samples are selected in a deliberate manner with little or no attention to randomization.
What is a 'Parameter'?
A parameter is a numerical measure or characteristic of the population.
What is a nominal level of measurement?
Nominal data consists of names, labels, classification, and categories only, and cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme (e.g., gender, ethnicity, religion).
List some uses of statistics.
1. It can give precise description of the data. 2. It can predict the behavior of individuals. 3. It can be used to test hypotheses. 4. It can be used in decision making in any field.
What is a 'Variable'?
A variable is a characteristic or property whereby the members of the group differ from one another.
What is inferential statistics?
Inferential statistics is the science of collecting, presenting, interpreting, and analyzing data for effective decisions.
What is sampling?
Sampling is the act, process, or technique of selecting an appropriate sample, or representative part of a population for the purpose of determining the characteristics of the whole population.
Define 'Population' in statistics.
Population refers to the entirety or totality of objects, things or persons under study.
Define the ratio level of measurement.
Ratio is an interval level modified to include the inherent zero starting point, making it the highest level of measurement (e.g., age, weight, height, salary).
What is cluster sampling?
Cluster Sampling involves grouping respondents according to their geographical location.
What does 'Detached Statistics' refer to?
Detached statistics refer to a statistic presented in comparison without a proper comparison being made.
What are some misuses of statistics?
1. Suspect samples. 2. Ambiguous averages. 3. Changing the subject. 4. Detached statistics. 5. Implied connections. 6. Misleading graphs. 7. Faulty survey questions.
What is stratified sampling?
Stratified Sampling involves dividing the population into homogenous partitions or groups based on certain factors that might affect the results.
What is an ordinal level of measurement?
Ordinal data may be arranged in some order, but differences between data values cannot be determined or are meaningless (e.g., performance ratings, sizes, and contest winners).
Define systematic sampling.
Systematic Sampling is a random sampling technique which considers every element of the population in the sample with a selected random starting point from the first members.
Scholarly Assistant's Insights
Explore essential statistics concepts, sampling methods, and data measurement levels.
Statistics
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Sampling Methods
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Inferential Statistics
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