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Birthdate of Dorothy E. Johnson
August 21, 1919
Place of Birth of Dorothy E. Johnson
Savannah, Georgia
Education
Completed associate's degree at Armstrong Junior College in Savannah, Georgia, in 1938. Graduated from Vanderbilt University School of Nursing in Nashville, Tennessee in 1942. Earned master's in public health from Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts in 1948.
Career
Primarily involved teaching, held various positions at Vanderbilt University School of Nursing and the University of California, Los Angeles. Served as a pediatric nursing advisor in South India and contributed significantly to nursing theory through her numerous publications.
Honors and Awards
Received several honors, including the 1975 Faculty Award from graduate students, the 1977 Lulu Hassenplug Distinguished Achievement Award from the California Nurses Association, and the 1981 Vanderbilt University School of Nursing Award for Excellence in Nursing.
Death
Passed away in February 1999 at the age of 80.
Dorothy Johnson's Behavioral System Model
Introduced in 1968, emphasizes fostering efficient and effective behavioral functioning in patients to prevent illness. It underscores the importance of research-based knowledge about the impact of nursing care on patients.
Key Concepts of Behavioral System Model
Human Beings, Environment, Health, Nursing
Human Beings in Behavioral System Model
Viewed as having two major systems: the biological system and the behavioral system. Defined as a behavioral system striving for continual adjustments to achieve, maintain, or regain balance to the steady-state adaptation.
Environment in Behavioral System Model
Implied to include all elements of the human system's surroundings, including internal stressors.
Health in Behavioral System Model
Seen as the opposite of illness. Defined as some degree of regularity and constancy in behavior, reflecting successful adjustments and adaptations.
Nursing in Behavioral System Model
Defined as an external regulatory force acting to preserve the organization and integration.
Definition of Health
Seen as the opposite of illness. Defined as some degree of regularity and constancy in behavior, reflecting successful adjustments and adaptations.
Definition of Nursing
Defined as an external regulatory force acting to preserve the organization and integration of the patient's behavior at an optimal level.
Behavioral System
Represents a person's state indicated through behaviors. Consists of seven subsystems: affiliative, dependency, ingestive, eliminative, sexual, aggressive, and achievement.
Affiliative Subsystem
Focuses on social inclusion, intimacy, and the formation of social bonds.
Dependency Subsystem
Involves approval, attention, recognition, and physical assistance.
Ingestive Subsystem
Emphasizes the meaning and structures of social events surrounding eating.
Eliminative Subsystem
Addresses socially acceptable behaviors for waste elimination.
Sexual Subsystem
Includes procreation and gratification.
Aggressive Subsystem
Relates to protection and self-preservation.
Achievement Subsystem
Provokes behavior to control and manipulate the environment.
Assumptions of the Behavioral System Model
Include those about the system, structure, and functions. Stress the organization, interaction, and integration of behavioral system elements.
Behavioral System Model and Nursing Process
Involves assessing and diagnosing the patient, developing a nursing care plan, implementing interventions, and evaluating the balance of subsystems. The ultimate goal is to assist the patient in maintaining equilibrium within the behavioral system.
Strengths of the Behavioral System Model
Guides nursing practice, education, and research. Offers a frame of reference for specific client behaviors. Applicable across the lifespan and cultures.
Weaknesses of the Behavioral System Model
Potential complexity in interrelationships among the behavioral system, subsystems, and environment. Limited use with families, groups, and communities. Lack of clear definitions for interrelationships among subsystems.
Sister Callista Lorraine Roy
An American nursing theorist, professor, and author, known for her significant contributions to the field of nursing.
Sister Callista Lorraine Roy - Education
Earned a Bachelor of Arts in Nursing from Mount Saint Mary’s College in Los Angeles in 1963, a master's degree in nursing from the University of California in 1966, and a master’s degree in sociology in 1973.
Name
Sister Callista L. Roy
Education
Bachelor of Arts in Nursing from Mount Saint Mary’s College in Los Angeles in 1963, Master's degree in Nursing from the University of California in 1966, Master’s degree in sociology in 1973, Doctorate in sociology in 1977 from California.
Inspiration for Nursing Theory
Experiences as a pediatric nurse, observing the resiliency of children in adapting to major changes.
Career
Chairperson of the Department of Nursing at Mount Saint Mary’s College, Robert Wood Johnson postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, San Francisco, resident nurse theorist at Boston College School of Nursing.
Contributions
Conceptualizing and measuring coping, developing the philosophical basis for the adaptation model, contributing to nursing's epistemology.
Model of Nursing
Adaptation Model of Nursing, developed by Sister Callista L. Roy. Sees individuals as interrelated systems maintaining balance amid various stimuli.
Assumptions of the Model
Sees individuals as sets of interrelated systems maintaining balance amid various stimuli.
Organizations Founded
Founder of the Boston Based Adaptation Research in Nursing Society (BBARNS), later renamed the Roy Adaptation Association.
Honors
Named a Living Legend by the American Academy of Nursing and the Massachusetts Registered Nurses Association in 2007.
Roy's Model
A theory that aims to define the provision of nursing science. Sees individuals as sets of interrelated systems maintaining balance amid various stimuli.
Roy's Model Assumptions
1. Scientific Assumptions: Systems of matter and energy progress to higher levels of complex self-organization. 2. Consciousness and meaning are constructive of person and environment integration. 3. Awareness of self and environment is rooted in thinking and feeling. 4. Humans, by their decisions, are accountable for the integration of creative processes. 5. Thinking and feeling mediate human action. 6. System relationships include acceptance, protection, and fostering of interdependence. 7. Persons and the earth have common patterns and integral relationships. 8. Persons and environment transformations are created in human consciousness. 9. Integration of human and environmental meanings results in adaptation. Philosophical Assumptions: 1. Persons have mutual relationships with the world and God. 2. Human meaning is rooted in the omega point convergence of the universe. 3. God is intimately revealed in the diversity of creation and is the common destiny of creation. 4. Persons use human creative abilities of awareness, enlightenment, and faith. 5. Persons are accountable for the processes of deriving, sustaining, and transforming the universe.
Roy's Model Major Concepts
1. Person: Human systems have thinking and feeling capacities rooted in consciousness and meaning. They adjust effectively to changes in the environment and affect the environment. Human systems can be individuals or groups, such as families, organizations, and the global community. 2. Environment: Conditions, circumstances, and influences surrounding and affecting the development and behavior of persons or groups. Includes focal, contextual, and residual stimuli. 3. Health: Health is not freedom from death, disease, unhappiness, and stress but the ability to cope with them in a competent way. Health results from the continuous adaptation of humans to stimuli. 4. Nursing: The goal of nursing is the promotion of adaptation for individuals and groups in each of the four adaptive modes. Contributes to health, quality of life, and dying with dignity.
Adaptation
The process and outcome whereby thinking and feeling persons use conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental integration. Adaptive
Hola
Hello
Adiós
Goodbye
Por favor
Please
Gracias
Thank you
Sí
Yes
No
No
¿Cómo estás?
How are you?
Me llamo...
My name is...
¿Qué hora es?
What time is it?
¿Dónde está el baño?
Where is the bathroom?
Yo hablo español
I speak Spanish
Buenos días
Good morning
Buenas tardes
Good afternoon
Buenas noches
Good evening/night
Lo siento
I'm sorry
Yo no entiendo
I don't understand
Hasta luego
See you later
¿Cuánto cuesta?
How much does it cost?
Perdón
Excuse me
Dios mío
Oh my God
Person
Refers to all human beings including individuals, families, communities, and groups who receive nursing care.
Environment
Encompasses internal and external factors that affect individuals in everyday surroundings and all settings where nursing care is provided.
Health
Addresses a person's state of wellbeing.
Nursing
Central to all nursing theories with definitions describing what nursing is, what nurses do, and how they interact with clients.
Prescriptive Theory of Nursing
Aims to assist individuals in overcoming obstacles that hinder meeting healthcare needs.
Components of Clinical Practice
Philosophy, purpose, practice, and an art.
Imogene M King
Systems Framework and Goal Attainment Theory.
Goal Attainment Theory
Focuses on communication to help clients reestablish positive adaptation to their environment.
Josephine Paterson and Loretta Zderad
Humanistic Nursing.
Humanistic Nursing
Embraces a transactional relationship viewing human beings from an existential framework of becoming through choices.
Ida Jean Orlando
The Dynamic Nurse-Patient Relationship Nursing Process Discipline.
Nursing Process Discipline
Involves helping patients meet perceived needs they cannot fulfill themselves.
Marilyn Ann Ray
Biographical Information Born in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Graduated from St. Joseph Hospital School of Nursing in 1958. Worked at the University of California and Los Angeles Medical Center in various departments.
Marilyn Ann Ray Biographical Information
Born in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Graduated from St. Joseph Hospital School of Nursing in 1958. Studied BSN and MSN in Maternal and Child Nursing at the University of Colorado School of Nursing in 1965. Worked at the University of California and Los Angeles Medical Center in various departments.
Theory Development and Use of Empirical Evidence
The Theory of Bureaucratic Caring was developed through qualitative research involving health professionals and clients in the hospital setting. Grounded theory, phenomenology, and ethnography were used in the research to understand the dynamic structure of caring in a complex organization. The theory appeared in Ray's doctoral dissertation in 1981 and later in literature in 1984 and 1989.
Major Concepts and Definitions
Caring: A complex transcultural relational process grounded in an ethical, spiritual context. It involves creativity, choice, attachment, love, and community with a focus on facilitating choices for the good of others. Various factors related to the meaning of caring within the bureaucratic context include educational, physical, social-cultural, legal, technological, economic, and political factors.
The Holographic Theory of Bureaucratic Caring
It integrates four metaparadigms: Nursing, Person, Health, and Environment. Nursing is holistic, relational, spiritual, and ethical caring. Person is viewed as a spiritual and cultural being created by God engaging in relationships to find meaning and value. Health provides a pattern of meaning for individuals, families, and communities. Environment is a complex spiritual, ethical, ecological, and cultural phenomenon.
Theoretical Assertions
Person, nursing, environment, and health are integrated into the structure of the Theory of Bureaucratic Caring. It implies a dialectical relationship among human spiritual-ethical caring and structural dimensions of bureaucracy, technological, economic, political, legal, and social.
Meaning of caring
Influenced by organizational structures and contexts, Marilyn Rays theory provides direction for nurses to understand how caring is expressed in the hospital organization. It guides understanding of nursing practice in a contemporary setting and highlights that caring and management can coexist with nursing care seen as an investment or resource for the organization.
Patricia Benner
Professor in the Department of Physiological Nursing at the University of California San Francisco. Named a Living Legend of the American Academy of Nursing in 2011 for extraordinary contributions to the nursing profession. Authored several books including her most renowned book 'From Novice to Expert' and others like 'Expertise in Nursing Practice', 'Clinical Wisdom and Interventions in Critical Care', and 'Stress and Satisfaction on the Job'.
Novice to Expert Nursing Theory
Dr. Patricia Benner believes that experience in the clinical setting is crucial for nurses to continuously expand their knowledge base and provide holistic competent care. Introduced the Novice to Expert model in nursing in 1982 emphasizing the development of skills and understanding of patient care over time. Acknowledged the influence of Virginia Henderson and adapted the Dreyfus Model of 1980 originally developed by Stuart and Hubert Dreyfus to the nursing context.
Four Domains of Nursing Paradigm
1. Client/Person: Viewed as a self-interpreting being defined through the course of living. 2. Health: Focused on the lived experience of being healthy and being ill, distinguishing wellbeing and being ill as distinct ways of being. 3. Environment/Situation: Described as a social environment with social definition and meaningfulness. 4. Nursing: Described as a caring relationship, an enabling condition of connection and concern.
Five Levels of Capabilities/Stages of Clinical Competence
1. Novice: No background experience, difficulty discerning relevant aspects. 2. Advanced Beginner: Marginally acceptable performance, guided by rules and task-oriented. 3. Competent: Recognizing patterns, determining elements warranting attention, and applying learned rules. 4. Proficient: Perceiving information as a whole, qualitative leap beyond competence, recognizing changing relevance. 5. Expert: Relies on holistic understanding, no longer on analytical principles, extensive knowledge and skill set.
Application of the Novice to Expert Theory
Benner applies the Novice to Expert theory to nursing, outlining five stages of clinical competency. Emphasizes increased independence in reliance on abstract ideas and principles, an increase in critical thinking, and a holistic approach as nurses progress through the stages. The theory emphasizes the importance of experiential learning.
Competency Emphasizes
Increased independence in reliance on abstract ideas and principles, an increase in critical thinking, and a holistic approach as nurses progress through the stages. Conclusion: Benner's theory provides a framework for understanding how nurses acquire knowledge and skills over time. The theory emphasizes the importance of experiential learning and the evolution of thinking from abstract principles to holistic, situation-based knowledge.
Kari Martinsen - Background and Credentials
Born in Oslo, Norway in 1943, during WWII German occupation. Graduated from Ullevl College of Nursing in Oslo in 1964. Specialized as a psychiatric nurse in 1966. Raised concerns about social inequalities in healthcare and discrepancies between theories and practical results.
Kari Martinsen - Academic and Professional Journey
Received a grant in 1978 for a project on the social history of nursing. Worked at the University of Oslo and later at the University of Bergen. Moved to Denmark in 1990, working at the University of rhus to establish nursing programs. Held positions at Bergen Deaconess University College and Lovisenberg Deaconess University College.
Kari Martinsen - Philosophy of Caring
Influenced by phenomenology and the historic roots of caring in nursing. Care is basic to human existence and constitutes a fundamental precondition. Emphasizes care as relational, practical, and moral simultaneously.
Kari Martinsen - Major Concepts and Definitions
Care is a trinity: relational, practical, and moral. Professional judgment involves clinical observation and a good evaluation of goals. Moral practice combines empathy and reflection for genuine caring. Person-oriented professionalism demands protecting the patient's integrity. Sovereign life utterances are precultural phenomena like openness, mercy, trust, hope, and love. The untouchable zone establishes boundaries for impartiality and professionalism. Vocation is an ethical demand for encountering and caring for others. The eye of the heart involves participatory attention based on reciprocity. The registering eye is objectifying, concerned with connections and classification. The Trinity of Caring.
Caring is Relational
Involves at least two people emphasizing the relationship. Essence of the person is created for the sake of others.
Caring presupposes others
We can't understand ourselves in isolation. Caring is Practical - Involves concrete and practical action. Requires training, learning, and professional judgment. Directed toward persons not capable of self-help, emphasizing knowledge and skills.
Caring is Moral
Genuine caring requires an attitude that acknowledges the other's situation. Focus on neither overestimating nor underestimating the patient's ability to help themselves. Integrates empathy, reflection, and ethical considerations. Major Assumptions - Four Metaparadigms.
Nursing Care is fundamental to nursing
Involving consideration and concern for the other Person. The person is inseparable from the social milieu and community with a parallel between the person and the body. Health. Health is discussed from a socio-historical perspective challenging modern reductionist health ideals. Environment. Space and Situation - Emphasizes the importance of space, time, and power in a particular situation.
Martinsen's critical and phenomenological approach
Challenges societal and healthcare norms. Her caring thought emphasizes values through situational understanding, professional insight, and a caring attitude. A thought leader contributing to nursing and research enlightenment through historical and philosophical perspectives. Katie Eriksson.
Katie Eriksson
Born in 1943 in Jakobstad, Finland, and passing away on August 30, 2019. Pioneering figure in caring science in the Nordic countries. Made significant contributions to the field over a career spanning 30 years.
Background and Credentials
Education and Career - Graduated from the Helsinki Swedish School of Nursing in 1965. Completed her public health nursing specialty education in 1967. Graduated from the nursing teacher education program at Helsinki Finnish School of Nursing in 1970. Became the dean at Helsinki Swedish School of Nursing in 1974. Nominated to start academic education and research at Åbo Akademi University in 1986.
Awards and Honors
Received the 3MICN Nursing Fellowship Award in Finland in 1975. Awarded the Sophie Mannerheim Medal of the Swedish Nursing Association in Finland in 1987. Received the Caring Science Gold Mark for academic nursing care at Helsinki University Central Hospital in 1998. Honorary Doctorate in Public Health from the Nordic School of Public Health in Gothenburg, Sweden in 1998. Knight First Class of the Order of the White Rose of Finland in 2003. Major Awards - land Islands Medal for caring science in 2001. Topelius Medal from
Major Awards
1998 - Helsinki University Central Hospital in 1998 1998 - Honorary Doctorate in Public Health from the Nordic School of Public Health in Gothenburg Sweden 2003 - Knight First Class of the Order of the White Rose of Finland 2001 - Land Islands Medal for caring science 2003 - Topelius Medal from bo Akademi University for excellent research
Theory of Caritative Caring
- Caritas: means love and charity, unites eros and agape, fundamental motive of caring science - Caring Communion: constitutes the context of the meaning of caring, characterized by intensity, vitality, warmth, closeness, respect, honesty, and tolerance - The Act of Caring: contains caring elements faith, hope, love, tending, playing, and learning, involves categories of infinity and eternity, invites to deep communion - Caritative Caring Ethics: comprises the ethics of caring with the caritas motive, distinguished from nursing ethics
Ethical categories
Human dignity, caring, communion, invitation, responsibility, good and evil, virtue, obligation
Major Assumptions Axioms
- Human being is an entity of body, soul, and spirit - Human being is fundamentally a religious being - Human being is fundamentally holy - Communion is the basis for all humanity - Caring is human by nature, a call to serve in love - Suffering is inseparable from life - Health is more than the absence of illness - Human being lives in a reality characterized by mystery, infinity, and eternity
Theses
- Ethos confers ultimate meaning on the caring context - The basic motive of caring is the caritas motive - The basic category of caring is suffering - Caring communion forms the context of meaning of caring - Health means a movement in becoming, being, and doing - Caring implies alleviation of suffering in charity, love, faith, and hope
The Human Being Ontological Context
- Constantly in becoming, in a state of change - Dual tendencies: a tension between being and non-being - Conditional freedom is a dimension of becoming - Dependence on Communion: fundamentally dependent on communion, seeks a communion where one can give and receive love, experience faith, and hope
Nursing Caritas Motive
- Love and charity as the basic motive of caring - Combines eros and agape - Caritative outlook: an ethical attitude in caring
Nursing Care vs. Caring Nursing
- Caring nursing is based on the innermost core of caring - Caring relationship involves an open invitation
The Act of Caring
- Expresses the innermost spirit of caring - Restores the human being and makes them more genuinely human - Ultimate goal of caring is to bring the human being back to the mission of serving others
Environment Caring Culture
- Characterizes the total caring reality - Based on cultural elements like traditions, rituals, and basic values - Reflects an inner order of value preferences or ethos
Health Ontological Health Model
- Health is both movement and integration - Movement implies change, striving towards the realization of one's potential - Health is a becoming, a movement toward deeper wholeness and holiness
Theoretical Assertion Caring Communion and Health
- Caring communion is the context of meaning - Human suffering is the basic category of caring - Alleviation of suffering leads to reconciliation, the ultimate aim of health
Summary: Eriksson's Contributions
- Pioneering figure in caring science in the Nordic countries - Theory rooted in clinical reality and teaching - Caritative caring theory inspires research, education, and clinical practice
Myra Estrin Levine
Pioneering figure in nursing theory, known for her Conservation Model emphasizing the individual's wholeness and conservation of energy
Human Suffering
The basic category of caring. Alleviation of suffering leads to reconciliation, the ultimate aim of health.
Eriksson's Contributions
Pioneering figure in caring science in the Nordic countries. Theory rooted in clinical reality and teaching. Caritative caring theory inspires research, education, and clinical practice.
Myra Estrin Levine
1921-1996. Prominent figure in the field of nursing, known for her contributions as an administrator, educator, and scholar.
Early Life
Born in Chicago in 1920. Myra was the eldest of three siblings. Her interest in nursing was sparked by her father's gastrointestinal illness.
Education
Received her nursing diploma from the Cook County School of Nursing in 1944. Earned a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from the University of Chicago in 1949 and a Masters of Science in Nursing from Wayne State University in 1962.
Career Highlights
Levine had a diverse career including roles as a private duty nurse, US Army civilian nurse, instructor, director of nursing, surgical supervisor, and various academic positions.
Academic Career
Held positions at Loyola University and the University of Illinois reaching the status of Professor Emerita, Medical-Surgical Nursing at the University of Illinois at Chicago in 1987.
Publications and Awards
Levine's notable work, Introduction to Clinical Nursing, published in 1969 emphasized the conservation model. She received several honors including being a charter fellow of the American Academy of Nursing.
The Conservation Model
Core concepts include conservation of energy and balancing energy input.
Conservation of Structural Integrity
Maintaining or restoring the body's structure, preventing breakdown, and promoting healing.
Conservation of Personal Integrity
Recognizing the individual's need for recognition, respect, self-awareness, selfhood, and self-determination.
Conservation of Social Integrity
Recognizing the individual's place within family, community, and society.
Major Concepts - Adaptation
The process of change and integration to maintain integrity.
Major Concepts - Wholeness
Emphasizing unity and progressive mutuality within an entirety.
Major Concepts - Conservation
The product of adaptation, maintaining balance to confront challenges.
Major Concepts - Metaparadigms - Environment
Includes internal and external aspects, operational, perceptual, and conceptual.
Major Concepts - Metaparadigms - Person
Unique individual with unity, integrity, and diverse functions.
Major Concepts - Metaparadigms - Health
Pattern of adaptive change of the whole being.
Major Concepts - Nursing
Human interaction based on communication rooted in organic dependency.
Subconcepts - Historicity
Adaptation is a historical process based on past experiences.
Subconcepts - Specificity
Each system has particular responses.
Subconcepts - Redundancy
Changes occur in cascades, interacting and evolving.
Subconcepts - Analysis
Levine's conservation model emphasizes energy conservation and can be universally applied to various age groups.
Levine's Conservation Model
Guides nursing actions to promote wholeness through the conservation of energy and structural, personal, and social integrity, emphasizing individualized patient care and adaptive responses.
Martha E. Rogers - Biography and Credentials
Birth and Early Life: Martha Elizabeth Rogers was born on May 12, 1914, in Dallas, Texas. She exhibited a thirst for knowledge from an early age, being fascinated by kindergarten and having a passion for books nurtured by her parents.
Martha E. Rogers - Education
Rogers received her nursing diploma from Knoxville General Hospital School of Nursing in 1936. She earned a Public Health Nursing degree from George Peabody College in 1937 and later obtained her Masters degree from Teachers College at Columbia University in 1945. Her Doctorate in Nursing was awarded by Johns Hopkins University in 1954.
Martha E. Rogers - Career Path
After working for the Children's Fund of Michigan and the Visiting Nurse Association in Hartford, CT, Rogers became the Executive Director at the Visiting Nurse Service in Phoenix, Arizona, where she built up the service from 1945 to 1951. She later served as a Professor and Head of the Division of Nursing at New York University.
Who is Martha E. Rogers?
Martha E. Rogers was a nurse theorist known for her Science of Unitary Human Beings theory, which posits that humans and their environment are inseparable and coexist.
Where did Martha E. Rogers build up the visiting nurse service?
Martha E. Rogers built up the visiting nurse service in Phoenix, Arizona from 1945 to 1951.
Where did Martha E. Rogers serve as a Professor and Head of the Division of Nursing?
Martha E. Rogers served as a Professor and Head of the Division of Nursing at New York University.
What did Martha E. Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings theory propose?
Rogers' theory proposed that humans and their environment are inseparable and coexist, and that nursing is considered both an art and a science directed toward the unitary human.
What are the major assumptions of Martha E. Rogers' theory?
The major assumptions include the belief that man is a unified whole with characteristics beyond the sum of parts, continuous exchange of matter and energy between man and the environment, life process evolves irreversibly along the spacetime continuum, and capacity for abstraction, imagery, language, thought, sensation, and emotion characterize man.
What are the major concepts in Martha E. Rogers' theory?
The major concepts include Human/Unitary Human Beings, Health, Nursing, Environmental Field, and Energy Field, each with their subconcepts and characteristics.
Define the concept of Human/Unitary Human Beings in Martha E. Rogers' theory.
Individuals are indivisible energy fields with distinct characteristics, according to Martha E. Rogers' theory.
Define the concept of Health in Martha E. Rogers' theory.
Health is an expression of the life process reflecting the mutual interaction of human and environmental fields on a continuum in Rogers' theory.
Define the concept of Nursing in Martha E. Rogers' theory.
Nursing is the study of unitary human beings and their environmental fields, with nursing's goals encompassing health maintenance, prevention, diagnosis, intervention, and rehabilitation, according to Rogers' theory.
Define the concept of Environmental Field in Martha E. Rogers' theory.
An irreducible indivisible pandimensional energy field integral with the human field, according to Martha E. Rogers' theory.
Define the concept of Energy Field in Martha E. Rogers' theory.
The fundamental unit of living and nonliving, providing a view of people and the environment as irreducible wholes, in Martha E. Rogers' theory.
What are the subconcepts related to Environmental Field and Energy Field in Martha E. Rogers' theory?
The subconcepts include Openness, Energy flows without boundaries between human and environmental fields, and Pandimensional, a nonlinear domain without spatial or temporal attributes.
Synergy
Unique behavior of whole systems unpredicted by component functions.
Pattern
The distinguishing characteristic of an energy field seen as a single wave.
Principles of Homeodynamics
Continuous revisions occur from interactions between man and environment.
Synchrony
Simultaneous interaction determines change in human behavior.
Resonancy
Life process is a symphony of rhythmical vibrations with wave patterns.
Helicy
Constant interchange.
Strengths and Weaknesses
Strengths: Provides a worldview for deriving nursing theories and hypotheses. Offers a broad abstract framework applicable to various situations. Weaknesses: Lacks concrete hypotheses making direct testing challenging. Highly abstract and ambitious leading to questions about its profound nature. Nurses roles and the definition of a health state are not clearly defined.
Conclusion
Martha Elizabeth Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings offers a holistic and abstract framework for nursing. It emphasizes the inseparability of humans and their environment and provides a unique perspective on health, nursing, and the continuous process of change. Despite its abstract nature, Rogers' model has influenced nursing by providing an alternative to traditional approaches.
Imogene M King
Biography and Credentials of Imogene Martina King: Born: January 30, 1923 Died: December 24, 2007 Imogene King was born on January 30, 1923 in West Point, Iowa. Despite initially aspiring to become a teacher, her uncle, who was the town surgeon, offered to fund her nursing school tuition. She accepted the offer as a means to escape small-town life. Imogene King excelled in her nursing studies and received a nursing diploma from St. John's Hospital School of Nursing in St. Louis, Missouri in 1945. She continued her education and obtained a Bachelor of Science in Nursing Education from St. Louis University in 1948 and a Master of Science in Nursing in 1957, also from St. Louis University. In 1961, she earned her EdD from Teachers College, Columbia University, New York. In 1980, King was appointed a professor at the University of South Florida College of Nursing in Tampa. Throughout her career, she contributed to community service and health care organizations, including Tampa General Hospital. In recognition of her contributions, she received a gold medallion from Governor Chiles in 1997 and an honorary doctorate from Loyola University in May 1998. She was inducted into the Teachers College, Columbia University, Hall of Fame in 1999, the FNA Hall of Fame, and the ANA Hall of Fame in 2004, and recognized as a Living Legend in 2005.
Theory of Goal Attainment
Imogene King introduced the Theory of Goal Attainment in the 1960s, focusing on the achievement of life goals through collaborative efforts between nurses and patients. This model emphasizes communication, goal-setting, and mutual action to achieve desired outcomes.
Key Factors
The key factors influencing goal attainment in King's theory include roles, stress, space, and time.
Nursing Process
In King's model, the nursing process is central, encompassing assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Propositions
The propositions in King's Theory of Goal Attainment include the presence of perceptual interaction accuracy, goal achievement leading to satisfaction and effective nursing care, enhanced growth and development, and the impact of role expectations and performance on transactions and stress.
Assumptions
King's assumptions include the focus of nursing on human beings, the goal of nursing as the healthcare of individuals and groups, and the constant interaction of human beings with their environment.
Major Concepts
The major concepts in King's Theory of Goal Attainment include nursing as a process of action, reaction, and interaction, health as a dynamic life experience, individual as human beings with fundamental needs, and environment as the background for human interactions.
Dynamic life experience
Requiring continuous adjustment to stressors for optimal daily living potential
Individual Human beings
With fundamental needs for information, preventive care, and assistance when unable to self-help
Environment
The background for human interactions, both external and internal
Action
A sequence of mental and physical behaviors to recognize conditions, initiate activities, and exert control over situations
Reaction
A dynamic response to stressors involving an exchange of energy and information for regulation and control.
Interpersonal Systems
Formed by interacting individuals with concepts of communication, interaction, role stress, and transaction.
Social Systems
Groups making up society with concepts of authority, decision-making, organization, power, and status.
Dynamic Conceptual Systems
Interrelated concepts forming a model of transactions representing the basis for nurses' functioning.
Analysis
The theory's limitations include its application in situations where patients cannot interact competently and the lack of development in applying it to group, family, or community nursing. The social systems aspect is less clearly connected to goal attainment, and multiple views on certain concepts may cause confusion.
Strengths
Clear and concretely defined concepts that are easily understood, major concepts derived from research literature. King's work continues to be useful for nurses globally in improving patient care.
Weaknesses
Limited application in non-interactive nursing situations and lack of development for group, family, or community nursing. Inconsistencies in discussing nurses' concern for group's healthcare while focusing on dyadic relationships.
Conclusion
Imogene King significantly contributed to nursing knowledge through her conceptual system and Theory of Goal Attainment. Focusing on nurse-patient partnerships for goal attainment, King provided a valuable framework for understanding and improving patient care. Nurses worldwide continue to utilize her work to enhance the quality of healthcare delivery.
Dorothy Johnson
Biography and Credentials of Dorothy E. Johnson. Born August 21, 1919. Died February 1999.
Early Life
Dorothy Johnson was born in Savannah, Georgia as the youngest of seven children. Her father served as the superintendent of a shrimp and oyster factory while her mother was actively involved in various activities and enjoyed reading.
Education
She completed her associates degree at Armstrong Junior College in Savannah, Georgia in 1938. During the Great Depression, she took a year off from school to work as a governess in Miami, Florida, where she discovered her passion for children, nursing, and education.
Nursing Career
Dorothy Johnson's nursing career began in 1942 when she graduated as the top student from Vanderbilt University School of Nursing in Nashville, Tennessee.
Further Education
In 1948, she earned her master's in public health from Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts.
Professional Experiences
Her professional experiences primarily involved teaching, and she held various positions at Vanderbilt University School of Nursing and the University of California, Los Angeles. Additionally, Johnson served as a pediatric nursing advisor in South India and contributed significantly to nursing theory through her numerous publications.
Who is Dorothy E Johnson?
Dorothy E Johnson is a renowned nurse and nursing theorist known for her Behavioral System Model introduced in 1968.
What are the key concepts of Dorothy Johnson's Behavioral System Model?
The key concepts include human beings, environment, health, nursing, and the behavioral system.
How does Johnson define human beings in her model?
Johnson views human beings as having two major systems: the biological system focused on by medicine and the behavioral system focused on by nursing.
How does Johnson define the environment in her model?
The environment is not explicitly defined but is implied to include all elements of the human systems surroundings, including internal stressors.
How does Johnson define health in her model?
Health is seen as the opposite of illness, defined as some degree of regularity and constancy in behavior reflecting successful adjustments and adaptations.
How does Johnson define nursing in her model?
Nursing is defined as an external regulatory force acting to preserve the organization and integration of the patient's behavior at an optimal level.
What does the Behavioral System represent in Johnson's model?
The Behavioral System represents a person's state indicated through behaviors and consists of seven subsystems: affiliative, dependency, ingestive, eliminative, sexual, aggressive, and achievement.
What are the major subsystems of the Behavioral System in Johnson's model?
The major subsystems are affiliative, dependency, ingestive, eliminative, sexual, aggressive, and achievement.
What does the affiliative subsystem of the Behavioral System focus on?
The affiliative subsystem focuses on social inclusion, intimacy, and the formation of social bonds.
What does the dependency subsystem of the Behavioral System involve?
The dependency subsystem involves approval, attention, recognition, and physical assistance.
Eliminative Subsystem
Addresses socially acceptable behaviors for waste elimination
Sexual Subsystem
Includes procreation and gratification
Aggressive Subsystem
Relates to protection and self-preservation
Achievement Subsystem
Provokes behavior to control and manipulate the environment
Assumptions
Include those about the system structure and functions; stress the organization interaction and integration of behavioral system elements
Behavioral System Model and Nursing Process
The nursing process in Johnson's model involves assessing, diagnosing, developing a nursing care plan, implementing interventions, and evaluating the balance of subsystems. The ultimate goal is to assist the patient in maintaining equilibrium within the behavioral system.
Strengths
Guides nursing practice, education, and research; Offers a frame of reference for specific client behaviors; Applicable across the lifespan and cultures.
Weaknesses
Potential complexity in interrelationships among the behavioral system subsystems and environment; Limited use with families, groups, and communities; Lack of clear definitions for interrelationships among subsystems
Conclusion
Dorothy Johnson's Behavioral System Model provides a valuable framework for understanding and addressing patient behaviors. The focus on maintaining equilibrium in the behavioral system contributes to nursing practice, education, and research. While the model has strengths such as its applicability across diverse settings, there are also challenges including potential complexity and limited application in certain contexts.
Biography and Credentials of Sister Callista L. Roy
Born October 14, 1939, Sister Callista L. Roy is an American nursing theorist, professor, and author known for her significant contributions to the field of nursing. She earned her Bachelor of Arts in Nursing from Mount Saint Mary's College in Los Angeles in 1963 and a master's degree in nursing from the University of California in 1966.
When was Sister Callista L Roy a graduate student at the University of California?
1964 to 1966
Where was the philosophical foundation for nursing curriculum at Mount Saint Marys College adopted?
In 1968
What positions did Sister Callista L Roy hold in her career?
Chairperson of the Department of Nursing at Mount Saint Marys College, Robert Wood Johnson postdoctoral fellow at the University of California San Francisco, teaching at the University of Portland, resident nurse theorist at Boston College School of Nursing
When did Sister Callista L Roy found the Boston Based Adaptation Research in Nursing Society (BBARNS)?
In 1991
What is the name and year of the organization founded by Sister Callista L Roy?
Boston Based Adaptation Research in Nursing Society (BBARNS), later renamed the Roy Adaptation Association
What significant contributions has Sister Callista L Roy made in nursing education and theory?
Conceptualizing and measuring coping, developing the philosophical basis for the adaptation model, contributing to nursings epistemology
What is the significant nursing theory developed by Sister Callista L Roy?
Adaptation Model of Nursing
When was the Adaptation Model of Nursing first presented?
1970
Where has Roys model been widely adopted?
Particularly at Mount St Marys School in Los Angeles, California
What are the scientific assumptions of Roys Adaptation Model of Nursing?
Systems of matter and energy progress to higher levels of complex self-organization, consciousness and meaning are constructive of person and environment integration, awareness of self and environment is rooted in thinking and feeling, humans are accountable for the integration of creative processes, system relationships include acceptance, protection, and fostering of interdependence, persons and the earth have common patterns and integral relationships, persons and environment transformations are created in human consciousness, integration of human and environmental meanings results in adaptation
What are the philosophical assumptions of Roys Adaptation Model of Nursing?
Persons have mutual relationships with the world and God
Integral Relationships
Persons and environment transformations are created in human consciousness.
Integration
Integration of human and environmental meanings results in adaptation.
Philosophical Assumptions
Persons have mutual relationships with the world and God.
Human Meaning
Rooted in the omega point convergence of the universe. God is intimately revealed in the diversity of creation and is the common destiny of creation. Persons use human creative abilities of awareness, enlightenment, and faith. Persons are accountable for the processes of deriving, sustaining, and transforming the universe.
Major Concepts of the Adaptation Model
Person: Human systems have thinking and feeling capacities rooted in consciousness and meaning. They adjust effectively to changes in the environment and affect the environment. Human systems can be individuals or groups such as families, organizations, and the global community. Environment: Conditions, circumstances, and influences surrounding and affecting the development and behavior of persons or groups. Includes focal, contextual, and residual stimuli. Health: Health is the ability to cope with death, disease, unhappiness, and stress in a competent way. It results from the continuous adaptation of humans to stimuli. Nursing: The goal of nursing is the promotion of adaptation for individuals and groups in each of the four adaptive modes. Contributes to health, quality of life, and dying with dignity. Adaptation: The process and outcome whereby thinking and feeling persons use conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental integration. Adaptive Modes: Physiological/Physical Mode, Self-Concept/Group Identity Mode, Role Function Mode, Interdependence Mode. Levels of Adaptation: Integrated Process, Compensatory Process, Compromised Process.
Six-Step Nursing Process
1. Assess: Observe and assess behaviors in adaptive modes. 2. Assess Stimuli: Categorize stimuli as focal, contextual, or residual. 3. Diagnose: Make a nursing diagnosis of the person's adaptive state. 4. Set Goals: Establish goals to promote adaptation. 5. Implement: Implement interventions to manage stimuli. 6. Evaluate: Evaluate whether adaptive goals have been met.
Analysis of the Adaptation Model
While the model offers a holistic understanding of human adaptation, its application can be time-consuming, limiting its effectiveness in emergencies requiring swift action. The model's emphasis on individualized assessment and its multiple elements may pose challenges in certain practical situations. Additionally, the model primarily focuses on promoting adaptation with limited discussion on preventing and resolving.
What are the strengths of Sister Callista L. Roy's adaptation model?
Considers multiple causes in situations involving complex human beings Logical sequence of concepts with operational definitions Applicable within various nursing practice settings Guides nurses to use observation and interviewing skills for individualized assessments
What are the weaknesses of Sister Callista L. Roy's adaptation model?
Timeconsuming application Complexity due to many elements systems and multiple concepts Limited guidance on preventing and resolving maladaptation
When and where was Betty Neuman born?
Betty Neuman was born on September 11, 1924, in Ohio.
When and where did Betty Neuman pass away?
Betty Neuman passed away on May 28, 2022, in Seattle, Washington.
What prompted Betty Neuman's passion for helping those in need?
Her early experiences, including caring for her ailing father, ignited her passion for helping those in need.
Where did Betty Neuman receive her RN Diploma?
Betty Neuman received her RN Diploma from Peoples Hospital School of Nursing, Akron, Ohio, in 1947.
What degrees did Betty Neuman earn in her education?
She earned a baccalaureate degree in public health and psychology with honors in 1957, and in 1966 she obtained a masters degree in mental health public health consultation from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
What significant role did Betty Neuman play in developing the nurse counselor role?
She played a pioneering role in developing the nurse counselor role within community crisis centers in Los Angeles.
When did Betty Neuman conceptualize a nursing model?
In 1970, Betty Neuman conceptualized a nursing model aimed at expanding students' understanding of client variables beyond the medical model.
Betty Neuman
Nurse educator, health counselor, therapist, author, speaker, and researcher who developed the Neuman Systems Model.
Neuman Systems Model
A holistic system-based approach that focuses on a patient system's response to environmental stressors, emphasizing primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention interventions to maintain patient system wellness.
Major Concepts of Neuman Systems Model
- Human being: Viewed as an open system interacting with internal and external environmental stressors, striving for dynamic system stability or managing illness. - Environment: Comprises internal, external, and created factors influencing the client system; stressors categorized as intrapersonal, interpersonal, or extrapersonal may penetrate the lines of defense. - Health: Defined as the degree of system stability representing a continuum from wellness to illness; optimal wellness is achieved when system needs are met. - Nursing: Primarily concerned with defining appropriate actions in stress-related situations and aiming to help the system adapt, focusing on energy conservation. - Open System: Characterized by continuous input, process, output, and feedback with organized complexity and interaction between elements. - Basic Structure and Energy Resources: The central core of survival factors common to the species, client variables, flexible line of defense, normal line of defense, and lines of resistance.
Strengths of Neuman Systems Model
Flexible application in nursing administration, education, and practice; applicable to individuals, families, groups, communities, and other aggregates; logically consistent, emphasizing primary prevention and health promotion.
Weaknesses of Neuman Systems Model
Terminology needs further clarification; interpersonal and extrapersonal stressors require clearer differentiation; the delineation of Neuman's three defense lines needs more explanation.
Systems Model Development
Although she didn't write a book initially, Betty Neuman's concepts were incorporated into the 1971 book Conceptual Models for Nursing Practice by Joan Riehl-Sisca and Sr. Callista Roy. In 1982, Neuman published her book 'The Neuman System Model: Application to Nursing Education and Practice,' refining it in later editions.
Recognition and Honors
Betty Neuman's impactful work earned her numerous awards and honors, such as honorary doctorates and membership in prestigious nursing organizations like the American Academy of Nursing.
Neuman Systems Model Strengths
Flexible application in nursing administration education and practice. Applicable to individuals, families, groups, communities, and other aggregates. Logically consistent, emphasizing primary prevention and health promotion.
Neuman Systems Model Weaknesses
Terminology needs further clarification. Interpersonal and extrapersonal stressors require clearer differentiation. The delineation of Neuman's three defense lines needs more explanation.
Neuman Systems Model Analysis
Demonstrates flexibility and logical consistency. Key areas such as terminology and differentiation of stressors require further clarification. Emphasis on primary prevention and holistic consideration of client variables contributes to its strengths. Neuman's three defense lines need clearer delineation, and the model could benefit from a more exhaustive enumeration of energy sources to enhance nursing interventions.
Ernestine Widenbach Biography
Born on August 18, 1900, in Hamburg, Germany. Passed away on March 8, 1998, in Florida, USA. Earned her BA from Wellesley College in 1922. Received her RN from Johns Hopkins School of Nursing in 1925, followed by an MA from Teachers College, Columbia University in 1934.
Ernestine Widenbach Credentials
Obtained a certificate in nurse-midwifery from the Maternity Center Association School for Nurse-Midwives in New York in 1946. Joined the Yale University faculty as an instructor in maternity nursing in 1952. Made significant contributions to nursing education and practice, particularly in the field of maternal and newborn health nursing.
Helping Art of Clinical Nursing
Developed by Ernestine Wiedenbach. Defines nursing as the practice of identifying a patient's need for help through careful observation and exploration of presenting behaviors and symptoms. Emphasizes the importance of determining the cause of discomfort and assessing the patient's ability to resolve it independently or with assistance.
Definition of Patient in Wiedenbach's Theory
Broadly defined as any individual receiving help from the healthcare system, including care, teaching, and advice. The patient’s need for help is subjective, based on their own perception of the situation and doesn’t necessarily require illness or injury.
Key Components of Wiedenbach's Nursing Theory Philosophy
Includes the nurse’s attitude and beliefs about life, such as a reverence for life, respect for human dignity, autonomy and individuality.
Key Components of Wiedenbachs Nursing Theory
Philosophy: The nurse's attitude and beliefs about life, including a reverence for life, respect for human dignity, autonomy, and individuality.
Perception of the situation
The individual's own understanding and interpretation of the situation.
Illness or injury
Not necessarily required for an individual to have their own perception of the situation.
Resolution to act based on personal and professional beliefs
The overall goal that the nurse aims to accomplish through their actions directed toward the overall good of the patient.
Practice
Observable actions carried out by the nurse influenced by beliefs and feelings about meeting the patient's need for help. It includes identifying a patient's need, administration of help, validation of actions, and coordination of resources.
The Art of Nursing
Understanding the patient's needs, setting goals, and directing activities related to the care plan. It involves preventing complications and focusing on the patient's ability to improve.
Prescriptive Theory
Wiedenbach's prescriptive theory is situation-producing and directs actions toward a specific goal. It includes Central Purpose (defines the quality of health the nurse aims to achieve, reflecting the nurse's philosophy of care), Prescription for Fulfillment (appropriate nursing actions selected to create and implement a care plan in accordance with the central purpose), and Realities (aspects of the situation influencing nursing outcomes, considering the agent (nurse), recipient (patient), goal, means, and framework).
Conceptualization of Nursing Practice and Process
Nursing practice is an art based on the principles of helping, involving reflex, conditioned, impulsive, and deliberate actions. Three components of nursing practice: identification of the patient's needs, administration of help, and validation of actions. Clinical nursing includes philosophy, purpose, practice, and the art of using individual interpretations of behavior to meet the patient's needs.
Ernestine Wiedenbach's Contributions to Nursing Theory
Her contributions emphasize the art of helping and the importance of understanding and addressing patient needs, particularly in the area of clinical nursing.
Joyce Travelbee Background and Credentials
Joyce Travelbee was a prominent psychiatric nurse educator and writer. She earned her BSN degree from Louisiana State University in 1956, and later completed her Master of Science Degree in Nursing at Yale University in 1959. Her impactful career included roles as a Psychiatric Nursing Instructor at various institutions, and she passed away at the age of 47 in 1973.
Human-to-Human Relationship Model
Travelbee's model revolves around finding meaning in suffering, considering it a fundamental aspect of the human condition. The central purpose of nursing in Travelbee's view is fulfilled through every action and interaction between the nurse and the patient.
Human-to-Human Relationship Model Purpose
The central purpose of nursing in Travelbee's view is fulfilled through every action and interaction between the nurse and the patient, revolving around finding meaning in suffering as a fundamental aspect of the human condition.
Four Metaparadigms
Person, Health, Environment, Nursing.
Person
Defined as a human being, including the nurse, patient, family, or community under the umbrella of illness. Travelbee emphasizes the uniqueness, evolution, and interaction of human beings.
Health
Subjective and objective with individuals perceiving and relating their own sense of health and illness. Seen as both a spiritual and emotional/physical experience.
Environment
While not well-defined, Travelbee stresses the importance of the nurse being observant of the patients' needs in the present environment, considering universal human experiences of suffering, pain, illness, and hope.
Nursing
Primarily about establishing a human-to-human relationship. The nurse's role is to facilitate individuals, families, or communities in preventing or coping with illness and suffering, helping them find meaning in these experiences.
Interpersonal Assumptions and Phases
Nursing is fulfilled through human-to-human relationships and defines nursing as an interpersonal process. The interaction process is divided into five phases: Original Encounter, Emerging Identities, Empathy, Sympathy, and Rapport.
Original Encounter
Emotional knowledge colors initial impressions. The task is to break the bond of categorization to perceive the human being in the patient.
Emerging Identities
Recognizing unique qualities transcending roles and forming the link of the relationship.
Empathy
Sharing another's psychological state without sharing feelings, characterized by predicting the behavior of another.
Sympathy
Sharing feeling and experiencing what others are feeling and experiencing. Translating sympathy into helpful nursing actions is essential.
Rapport
Nursing interventions that lessen the patient's suffering, establishing trust and confidence.
Basic Concepts Definitions
Suffering, Meaning, Hope, Communications, Using Self Therapeutically, Targeted Intellectual Approach.
Suffering
An experience that varies in intensity, duration, and depth, intrinsic to the human condition.
Meaning
The reason attributed by oneself to suffering.
Hope
Maintaining hope and avoiding hopelessness associated with dependence on others, future orientation, and confidence in external support.
Communications
A strict necessity for good nursing care and the ability to use oneself therapeutically.
Using Self Therapeutically
Involves self-awareness, understanding of human behavior, and the ability to predict one's and others' behavior.
Targeted Intellectual Approach
Emphasizes the importance of a systematic intellectual approach to the patient's situation.
Conclusion
Travelbee's grand theory provides a foundation for nurses to connect therapeutically with individuals experiencing suffering, centering on the nurse's ability to.
Targeted Intellectual Approach
Emphasizes the importance of a systematic intellectual approach to the patient's situation.
Conclusion
Travelbee's grand theory provides a foundation for nurses to connect therapeutically with individuals experiencing suffering. It centers on the nurse's ability to establish a meaningful.
Dr. Joyce Fitzpatrick's Work
Recognizing the uniqueness of each individual's experience and facilitating the search for meaning in suffering.
Biography
Dr. Joyce Fitzpatrick, born in 1944, is a distinguished nurse educator, advocate for nursing, and a renowned figure in geriatrics, psychological care, and nursing theory.
Education
Dr. Fitzpatrick holds a BSN from Georgetown University, an MS in psychiatric nursing from Ohio State University, a PhD from New York University, and an MBA from Case Western Reserve University.
Current Position
Dr. Fitzpatrick holds the Elizabeth Brooks Ford Professor of Nursing Chair at the Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University.
Contributions
Dean of the Bolton School of Nursing at Case Western for 10 years, pioneering research on care by African-American grandparents to children, home follow-up after coronary bypass artery grafts, and issues faced by caregivers of the elderly.
World Health Collaborating Center
Founder and head of Bolton's World Health Collaborating Center for Nursing, providing guidance globally on establishing nursing education and care centers.
Publications
Author of over 395 articles and 65 books addressing nursing education and leadership, and editor of professional journals Nursing Education Perspectives, Applied Nursing Research, and the Archives of Psychiatric Nursing.
Recognition and Awards
Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing (FAAN), Fellow of the National Academy of Practice (FNAP), and author of major nursing theory The Life Perspective Rhythm Model.
The Life Perspective Rhythm Model Concepts
Person encompasses self and others, recognizes the impact of attitudes, self-standards, self-evaluation, and social stimuli on health. Views humans as open systems with rhythmic behaviors influenced by various fields.
Health
Defined as a dynamic state influenced by interactions with the environment, focusing on the client's health and their surroundings, requiring assistance from care providers, client cooperation, and supportive family and friends for optimum health.
Wellness-Illness
Nurses promote wellness and treat those who are ill, involves teaching, evaluating nursing students, conducting research, and managing nursing, aims to preserve, re-establish, or improve people's interactions with their environment.
Health and their surroundings
Requires assistance from care providers, client cooperation, and supportive family and friends for optimum health. Nurses promote wellness and treat those who are ill. Involves teaching, evaluating nursing students, conducting research, and managing nursing. Aims to preserve, reestablish, or improve people's interactions with their environment.
Metaparadigm of Nursing
Encompasses the totality of the person, client's environment, current wellness level, and nursing's responsibility. Provides a structure for how the nursing profession should function.
Life Perspective Rhythm Model
A construct to assist professional nursing practice based on Martha Rogers' Theory of Unitary Human Beings. Four areas include Person, Health, Wellness/Illness, and Metaparadigm of Nursing. Views life stages and illness as rhythmic, measurable, and repeatable. Useful for successful outcomes and communication of treatment techniques across cultures.
Significance
Provides a taxonomy for universal recognition and communication of nursing concepts. Aims to standardize nursing theory, practice, and procedures globally. Addresses the complexity of different cultural, environmental, and health level situations in nursing care.
Conclusion
Dr. Joyce Fitzpatrick's Life Perspective Rhythm Model is a comprehensive and complex nursing theory that addresses the multifaceted aspects of nursing care, emphasizing the need for individualized care plans while promoting global standardization in nursing theory and practice.
Scholarly Assistant's Insights
Study flashcards on TFN Cards: Dorothy E. Johnson's life, career, and achievements. Birthdate, education, and honors discussed.
Nursing Theory
Nursing Models
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Behavioral System Model
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