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TFN-LONG-EXAM-REVIEWER_240920_185712.pdf Flashcards
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TFN-LONG-EXAM-REVIEWER_240920_185712.pdf Flashcards
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What are the five consecutive steps of the nursing process?
Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
What roles did women traditionally fulfill in nursing?
Females' roles of wife, mother, daughter, and sister included the care and nurturing of other family members.
Where is care found according to the text?
Care is found in Individuals, Families, and Community.
What types of care are mentioned in the text?
Physical Comfort and Maintenance.
What does the traditional nursing role entail?
The traditional nursing role has always entailed humanistic caring, nurturing, comforting, and supporting.
Who organized groups of male nurses to create the National Male Nurses Association?
Luther Christman in 1974.
What barriers of acceptance did male nurses face?
1. The men that joined were deemed feminine or gay due to female dominance.
What religious principle is mentioned in the text regarding nursing?
The Good Samaritan and 'Love thy neighbor as thyself'.
Who was Fabiola and what was her contribution to nursing?
Fabiola lived in the 3rd and 4th Century, provided homeless and poor people with care and homes, and converted to Christianity.
What role did the Knights of St John of Jerusalem play in nursing?
They provided care to the soldiers during the war.
Who is known as the mother of Modern Nursing?
Florence Nightingale.
Where did Florence Nightingale receive her training?
At Kaiserswerth.
What significant event did Florence Nightingale serve in during the 18th Century?
The Crimean War.
What was Florence Nightingale's impact on the military hospital during the Crimean War?
She transformed the hospital to be cleaner, causing the death toll to drop from 40 to 2 within 6 months.
What nickname did Florence Nightingale earn?
Mother of Modern Nursing.
Who were the key figures involved in the American Civil War nursing?
Harriet Tubman and Sojourner Truth.
What is Harriet Tubman known for in nursing?
She worked with underground railroad workers and attended to the sick and wounded.
What did Sojourner Truth provide?
She provided care and safety.
Who is recognized as a significant nursing leader that lived from 1820 to 1910?
Florence Nightingale.
What was Clara Barton's role during the American Civil War?
She was a school teacher and volunteered during the war, leading to the creation of the American Red Cross.
Who was Linda Richards?
Linda Richards was the first American-trained nurse.
What was Margaret Higgins Sanger known for?
She was a public health nurse in New York City and was imprisoned for providing the first clinic birth control information.
Who founded Planned Parenthood?
Margaret Higgins Sanger.
What organization did Mary Breckinridge found?
Frontier Nursing Service.
What was Mary Breckinridge's role in nursing?
She was a nurse midwife and served as a public health nurse in the UK, Australia, and New Zealand.
What years did Luther Christman live?
1915 to 2011.
What is the appropriate way of advancing knowledge through the deductive inquiry method?
Theory then Research strategy.
What does empiricism refer to in the context of knowledge?
A scope of knowledge that anchors on sensory experience, generalizing observed facts.
What is the research strategy associated with inductive inquiry?
Research then Theory strategy.
What is the basis for generalization in inductive inquiry?
A collection of facts.
What is meant by the interdependence of theory and research?
In any scientific discipline, a theory is accepted based on scientific consensus.
What is needed for scientific consensus in three areas?
1. Agreement on the boundaries of the theory or phenomenon 2. Agreement on the logic used in constructing the theory (same understanding) 3. Agreement that the theory fits the data.
What are concepts in the context of theory development?
Elements necessary to understand a phenomenon, the building blocks of theories.
What are the two types of concepts in theory building?
1. Abstract: mentally formulated and independent of a specific time and place. 2. Concrete: directly experienced and related to a particular time and place.
What do Relationship Statements indicate?
A specific relationship between two or more concepts.
What are propositions?
A statement that a specific relationship exists between two concepts.
What are hypotheses?
Tentative suggestions that a specific relationship exists between two concepts or propositions that are subjected to testing.
What are the stages of theory development?
1. Silent Knowledge 2. Receive Knowledge 3. Subjective Knowledge 4. Practical/Procedural Knowledge.
What characterizes Silent Knowledge?
Blindly accepting knowledge, information, or teachings from a physician, referring to the 18th century when information was given to individuals without questioning its validity.
What is Receive Knowledge characterized by?
Sharing and borrowing theories, with Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs being an example borrowed by nursing.
What characterizes Subjective Knowledge?
A source of information where nursing theorists own the theory and become the only source of information.
What does Practical/Procedural Knowledge encompass?
Application of theories from nursing or other medical disciplines, accepting and applying other information.
What is the Old View of nursing practice?
It is generally prescribed by others and highlighted by traditional ritualistic tasks with little regard to rationale.
What is the importance of Nursing Theories?
To clarify the complex intellectual and interactional domains that separate expert nursing from merely acting out tasks.
What role does theory play in nursing practice according to Omrey et al 1995?
Theory offers structure and organization to nursing knowledge and provides a systemic means of collecting data to describe, explain, and develop knowledge.
What does knowledge development in nursing show?
The interface between nursing science and research.
What is ontology in the context of nursing?
The study of being, what is and what exists.
What is epistemology?
The study of knowledge or ways of knowing.
What does methodology refer to in nursing research?
The means of acquiring knowledge, either qualitative or quantitative.
What is nursing philosophy?
A statement of foundational and universal assumptions, beliefs, and principles about the nature of knowledge and thought (epistemology) and about the nature of the entities represented in the metaparadigm.
What does nursing philosophy provide?
Perspectives for the belief system or worldview of the profession.
What is the goal of nursing science?
The goal of nursing science is to represent the nature of nursing, understand it, explain it, and use it for the benefit of humankind.
What does nursing science provide?
Nursing science provides the knowledge for all aspects of nursing.
What are the Basic Types of Knowledge in nursing according to the text?
The Basic Types of Knowledge in nursing are: 1. Empirics - use of senses; 2. Personal Knowledge - prior knowledge gained from being taught alone; 3. Intuitive Knowledge - involves feelings, hunches, and relies on nonconscious experiences and feelings; 4. Somatic Knowledge - knowledge of the body.
What are the 4 Fundamental Patterns in nursing as identified by Carper in 1978?
The 4 Fundamental Patterns in nursing are: 1. Empirics - science of nursing; 2. Esthetics - aesthetics, the art of nursing; 3. Personal Knowledge - subjective knowledge based on ethics; 4. Ethics - moral knowledge in nursing.
What are the two dominant forms of scientific inquiry in nursing science?
The two dominant forms of scientific inquiry are Empiricism and Qualitative Research. Empiricism objectifies and quantifies experiences, tests propositions and hypotheses in controlled experimentation, while Phenomenology and other forms of qualitative research deal with the study of lived experiences.
How does knowing the paradigms prepare nursing students?
Knowing the paradigms prepares nursing students for membership in the particular scientific community with which they will later practice.
What does a 'profession' refer to in the context of nursing?
In the context of nursing, a profession refers to a specialized field of practice.
What is the Philippine Nurses Organization (PNO)?
The Philippine Nurses Organization (PNO) is a professional organization for nurses.
What is personal identity in nursing?
Personal identity in nursing refers to a sense of oneself that is influenced by the characteristics, norms, and values of the nursing discipline, resulting in an individual thinking, acting, and feeling like a nurse.
What are concepts in nursing theory?
Concepts are the building blocks of theories that classify the phenomena of interest and may be abstract or concrete.
What is the theoretical definition of a concept?
The theoretical definition of a concept establishes its meaning.
What does the scope of a theory refer to?
The scope of a theory refers to the range of abstractness.
What is metatheory?
Metatheory focuses on broad issues like the processing of generating knowledge and theory development.
What are Grand Theories?
Grand Theories are the most complex and broadest in scope; they are considered nonspecific, relatively abstract concepts that lack operational definitions.
What are Middle-Range Theories?
Middle-Range Theories are theories that are substantively specific and encompass a limited number of concepts.
What characterizes concrete concepts in nursing theory?
Concrete concepts are specific and can be tested.
What do explanatory or factor-relating theory concepts do?
Explanatory or Factor-relating theory concepts relate to one another, showing interrelationship among concepts.
What do propositions show in theory concepts?
Propositions show specific associations among some concepts.
What is predictive or situation-relating theory?
Predictive or Situation-Relating Theory describes the conditions under which concepts are related and states the relationship statement that can describe future outcomes consistently.
What is prescriptive or situation-producing theory?
Prescriptive or Situation-Producing Theory refers to those that prescribe activities necessary to reach defined goals, dealing with nursing therapeutics and consequences of interventions.
What is a characteristic of prescriptive theory in nursing?
Prescriptive theory must be global in scope and substance rather than reflecting particular national cultural or ethnic beliefs and values.
What are the four metaparadigms of nursing?
The four metaparadigms of nursing serve as an organizing framework around which conceptual development proceeds.
What does the term 'Person' refer to in nursing metaparadigms?
In nursing metaparadigms, 'Person' refers to a being composed of physical, intellectual, biochemical, and psychosocial needs, and is a recipient of nursing care.
What is the definition of nursing?
Nursing is defined as a science, an art, and a practice discipline that involves caring.
What are the goals of nursing?
The goals of nursing include the care of the well, care of the sick, assisting with self-care activities, helping individuals attain their human potential, and discovering and using nature's law of health.
What is included in the scope of nursing practice?
The scope of nursing practice includes promoting health and wellness, preventing illness, restoring health, and caring for the dying.
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Comprehensive flashcards for nursing exam review, covering key concepts and historical figures.
Nursing
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