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Introductory Concepts on Man and Society
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Introductory Concepts on Man and Society
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Question
What are the three natural inclinations of the human person according to St. Thomas Aquinas?
Answer
1. Self-Preservation 2. Propagation of Species 3. Just Dealings with Others
Question
What defines a man as a person according to St. Thomas Aquinas?
Answer
An individual substance endowed with knowledge, freedom and voluntariness.
Question
In what ways is man described as social according to St. Thomas Aquinas?
Answer
He exists in multiple layers of relationships: Family, Church, State, Broader Human Communities.
Question
What is the political nature of man according to St. Thomas Aquinas?
Answer
The state is natural to man and is basically good, towards which man is called to be happy and fulfilled.
Question
What is Justice according to St. Thomas Aquinas?
Answer
A habit whereby a person with a lasting and perpetual will renders to each his due.
Question
What are the three properties of Justice?
Answer
1. Otherness - Justice is always directed to another person. 2. Indebtedness - Demand of justice to give back what belongs to others. 3. Equality - To give proportionately what is due, neither more nor less.
Question
What is Distributive Justice?
Answer
Directs relationship of society to the individual according to proportionate equality.
Question
What is Commutative Justice?
Answer
Directs relationship between individuals, also known as compensatory contractual justice, regulated by private rights of contracts and demands; exchanges between persons must be of equal value.
Question
What is Legal Justice?
Answer
The relationship of the individual person to society, wherein the object is the common good, which is above personal good, carried out by citizens in obedience to just laws, enforced by civil authorities, and established by laws through which leaders direct citizens towards the achievement of the common good.