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Flashcard Deck
Untitled Flashcards
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1
Question
What were the Black Codes?
Answer
Laws enacted by Southern states after the Civil War to restrict the rights and freedoms of African Americans.
2
Question
What was the purpose of the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
Answer
To counter the effects of the Black Codes and ensure equal rights for African Americans.
3
Question
What was the Sharecropping system after the Civil War?
Answer
Agricultural labor system in the South where freedmen and poor whites rented land and paid with a share of their crops, often leading to cycles of debt and poverty.
4
Question
What did the 14th Amendment guarantee?
Answer
Citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves.
5
Question
What was the Industrial Revolution characterized by?
Answer
Shift from agrarian and handicraft-based economies to ones dominated by industry and machine manufacturing.
6
Question
What was the Market Revolution in the US marked by?
Answer
Increase in manufacturing and the development of a national market economy.
7
Question
Who invented the Cotton Gin and what impact did it have?
Answer
Invented by Eli Whitney in 1793, it revolutionized the cotton industry by speeding up the process of removing seeds from cotton fiber, leading to increased production and expansion of slavery in the Southern US.
8
Question
What was Manifest Destiny in the 19th century?
Answer
Belief in the expansion of the United States across North America as justified and inevitable.
9
Question
What was the Mexican-American War and its outcome?
Answer
Conflict between the US and Mexico from 1846 to 1848, resulting in the cession of territories in the Southwest, including present-day California, Nevada, and Utah, to the United States.
10
Question
What is sectionalism and its impact in the antebellum United States?
Answer
Loyalty or support for a particular region of the country, leading to political tensions and conflict, particularly evident between the North, South, and West.
11
Question
What was the goal of the Abolitionism movement in the 19th century?
Answer
To end slavery, led by figures like Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, and William Lloyd Garrison.
12
Question
Where was the Seneca Falls Convention held, and what was its significance?
Answer
Held in Seneca Falls, New York in 1848, it was a landmark women's rights convention where the Declaration of Sentiments was drafted, calling for women's suffrage and other rights.
13
Question
What was the Compromise of 1850 and what did it entail?
Answer
Package of legislation passed by Congress to settle issues from the Mexican-American War, including the admission of California as a free state and the Fugitive Slave Act.
14
Question
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act allow in 1854?
Answer
Allowed the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide the issue of slavery through popular sovereignty, leading to violent conflict between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces in Kansas.
15
Question
What was the significance of the Dred Scott v. Sandford Supreme Court case in 1857?
Answer
Ruled that African Americans, whether enslaved or free, could not be considered American citizens and that Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in the territories.
16
Question
What was John Brown's Raid, and where did it take place?
Answer
Failed attempt by abolitionist John Brown to initiate a slave revolt by seizing the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1859, heightening tensions between North and South.
17
Question
When was the Republican Party founded, and what was its stance on slavery?
Answer
Founded in the 1850s as an anti-slavery coalition, becoming the principal opposition to the Democratic Party in the lead-up to the Civil War.
18
Question
Who won the Election of 1860, and what were the consequences of the outcome?
Answer
Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln won, leading to the secession of Southern states and the onset of the Civil War.
19
Question
What was the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation issued in 1863?
Answer
Declared all enslaved people in Confederate-held territory to be free, although it did not immediately free all enslaved people.
20
Question
Where was the Gettysburg Address delivered, and what were its key themes?
Answer
Delivered by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863 at the Soldiers National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, emphasizing the principles of equality and freedom.
21
Question
What was Reconstruction after the Civil War aimed at achieving?
Answer
Rebuilding the South and integrating newly freed African Americans into society, marked by federal intervention, political struggle, and social change.
22
Question
What principles are emphasized at the National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania?
Answer
Equality and freedom
23
Question
What was the Reconstruction period following the Civil War aimed at?
Answer
Rebuilding the South and integrating newly freed African Americans into society
24
Question
What were Black Codes enacted by Southern states after the Civil War?
Answer
Laws to restrict the rights and freedoms of African Americans
25
Question
What legislation was passed in response to the Black Codes?
Answer
Civil Rights Act of 1866 and other Reconstruction-era legislation
26
Question
What is sharecropping?
Answer
System of agricultural labor in the South after the Civil War where freedmen and poor whites rented land and paid with a share of their crops
27
Question
What amendment was ratified in 1868 guaranteeing citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the United States?
Answer
14th Amendment
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