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Cell-Modifications.pdf Flashcards
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Cell-Modifications.pdf Flashcards
Cell-Modifications.pdf Flashcards
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Question
What are specialized cellular modifications?
Answer
are alterations in cells that distinguish them from one another.
Question
Where are cellular modifications commonly found?
Answer
commonly found in eukaryotic cells where there is a need for cell specialization.
Question
What are microvilli?
Answer
folds of the cell membrane that extend outward from the surface of certain cells specialized for absorption, such as the digestive tract or kidneys.
Question
What is the origin of the term 'microvilli'?
Answer
The term 'microvilli' comes from the Greek word 'mikros' meaning small and the Latin term 'villus' meaning hair.
Question
What is the function of microvilli?
Answer
increase the surface area of the cell membrane, allowing for more materials to be absorbed into the cell at a quicker rate.
Question
What are cilia?
Answer
tiny hairs on the surface of certain cells that move in a rhythmic sweeping motion.
Question
What is the function of cilia in the body?
Answer
Cilia serve to move particles or cells in the body, such as driving air impurities or foreign particles and mucus up the trachea to the mouth.
Question
What is the role of cilia in the respiratory tract?
Answer
Cilia lining the respiratory tract beat and drive air impurities or foreign particles and mucus up the trachea to the mouth.
Question
What are flagella?
Answer
Flagella are whip-like structures that allow a cell to move.
Question
What type of cells have flagella?
Answer
Sperm cells have flagella, which are abundant in mitochondria.
Question
What are root hairs?
Answer
Root hairs are found at the root tips and increase the surface area of a root to absorb most of their water and nutrients.
Question
What is the shape of red blood cells?
Answer
Red blood cells have a biconcave disc shape.
Question
What happens to the nucleus of red blood cells?
Answer
Red blood cells lose their nucleus.
Question
Why is the shape of red blood cells important?
Answer
The biconcave shape of red blood cells increases the surface area for gas exchange.