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Globalization, World Systems, and Economic Change
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Globalization, World Systems, and Economic Change
Globalization, World Systems, and Economic Change
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1
Question
How does globalization connect local and distant communities?
Answer
It creates and intensifies worldwide interdependencies while increasing awareness of connections between local and distant places.
2
Question
How does Manfred Steger describe globalization?
Answer
As the expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness across world time and space.
3
Question
What does expansion mean in the context of globalization?
Answer
The creation of new social networks and multiplication of existing connections.
4
Question
What does intensification mean in the context of globalization?
Answer
Global connections become more closely knit and stronger.
5
Question
How do globalization and globalism differ?
Answer
Globalization refers to processes that expand and intensify connections. Globalism is the belief among powerful people that global connections benefit everyone.
6
Question
Why is globalization described as an uneven process?
Answer
It is described as both complex and uneven; the passage does not specify further causes of that unevenness.
7
Question
Which phrases express perceived experiences associated with globalization?
Answer
“Citizens of the world,” “the world is shrinking,” and “time is compressed.”
8
Question
Which field first used the term globalization in the listed genealogy?
Answer
Education, during 1930–1979.
9
Question
When did the genealogy place globalization in economics?
Answer
1959–1962.
10
Question
When did the genealogy place globalization in international relations?
Answer
1965–1968.
11
Question
When did the word globalization become popular, according to the genealogy?
Answer
From 1980 to the present.
12
Question
How does world-systems theory analyze the world economy?
Answer
It treats the world as one system rather than focusing on individual countries and divides it into core, semi-periphery, and periphery regions.
13
Question
Which economic positions correspond to the three world-systems regions?
Answer
Core means rich countries, semi-periphery means countries in between, and periphery means poor countries.
14
Question
How does modernization theory describe countries’ development paths?
Answer
It proposes that all countries follow the same path from traditional to modern society.
15
Question
What inequality does dependency theory emphasize?
Answer
Rich countries remain rich while poor countries remain poor.
16
Question
How does world-systems theory differ from modernization theory?
Answer
World-systems theory divides the world into core, semi-periphery, and periphery positions. Modernization theory proposes a shared path from traditional to modern society.
17
Question
Which outcome does the hyperglobalist perspective expect from national connections?
Answer
Connections among countries will result in one global society.
18
Question
How does the sceptical perspective characterize international processes?
Answer
It considers them regionalized rather than globalized.
19
Question
How does the transformationalist perspective view the world?
Answer
It sees the world as changing.
20
Question
How do the three globalization perspectives differ in their central claims?
Answer
Hyperglobalists expect one global society. Sceptics emphasize regionalized processes. Transformationalists see the world as changing.
21
Question
Which global flow does Appadurai’s ethnoscape describe?
Answer
The global movement of people.
22
Question
Which global flow does Appadurai’s mediascape describe?
Answer
The flow of culture through various media tools.
23
Question
Which global flow does Appadurai’s technoscape describe?
Answer
The circulation of mechanical goods and software.
24
Question
Which global flow does Appadurai’s financescape describe?
Answer
The global circulation of money.
25
Question
Which global flow does Appadurai’s ideoscape describe?
Answer
The movement of political ideas.
26
Question
How can the five Appadurai scapes be distinguished by what moves?
Answer
Ethnoscape concerns people, mediascape culture through media, technoscape mechanical goods and software, financescape money, and ideoscape political ideas.
27
Question
How does glocalization adapt a global product?
Answer
It adapts a global product to fit local conditions.
28
Question
How does cultural hybridization create something new?
Answer
It blends practices from different cultures.
29
Question
How does imperialism benefit a powerful country?
Answer
A powerful country takes over another nation to benefit itself.
30
Question
How do glocalization and cultural hybridization differ?
Answer
Glocalization adapts a global product to local conditions. Cultural hybridization blends practices from different cultures to create something new.