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Head and Neck Anatomy
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Head and Neck Anatomy
Head and Neck Anatomy
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1
Question
Which functions are carried by the trigeminal nerve (CN V)?
Page 1
Answer
It is the primary sensory nerve of the head and supplies motor function to the muscles of mastication.
2
Question
Which cranial nerve division carries sensation from the forehead and cornea?
Page 2
Answer
The ophthalmic division (V1), a sensory division.
3
Question
Which trigeminal division exits through the foramen rotundum?
Page 2
Answer
The maxillary division (V2).
4
Question
Which trigeminal division provides motor supply to mastication muscles?
Page 2
Answer
The mandibular division (V3), the mixed division of the trigeminal nerve.
5
Question
Trigeminal neuralgia is often triggered by stimulation of which division?
Page 3
Answer
The maxillary division (V2).
6
Question
Which muscle divides the maxillary artery into three parts?
Page 3
Answer
The lateral pterygoid muscle.
7
Question
Rupture of which artery can cause an epidural hematoma?
Page 4
Answer
The middle meningeal artery.
8
Question
Which trigeminal division primarily innervates the muscles of mastication?
Page 5
Answer
The mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve.
9
Question
Which terminal lymph nodes ultimately receive lymph from the head and neck?
Page 6
Answer
The deep cervical lymph nodes, which run along the internal jugular vein.
10
Question
Which regional lymph nodes drain the posterior scalp?
Page 6
Answer
The occipital lymph nodes.
11
Question
Which three branches arise medially from the first part of the subclavian artery?
Page 8
Answer
The vertebral artery, thyrocervical trunk, and internal thoracic artery.
12
Question
Which nerve carries general sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
Page 9
Answer
The lingual nerve, a branch of the mandibular division (V3) of CN V.
13
Question
Which nerve carries taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
Page 9
Answer
The chorda tympani nerve, a branch of the facial nerve (CN VII).
14
Question
Which nerve supplies both general sensation and taste to the posterior third of the tongue?
Page 9
Answer
The glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).
15
Question
Which cranial nerves pass through the cavernous sinus, using “3, 4 shut the door” and “5’s, 6 pick up sticks”?
Page 10
Answer
CN III, CN IV, CN V1, CN V2, and CN VI.
16
Question
Which nerves control the extraocular muscles within the cavernous sinus?
Page 11
Answer
CN III, CN IV, and CN VI.
17
Question
How can facial infection spread to the cavernous sinus?
Page 11
Answer
Valveless facial veins permit bidirectional flow, allowing spread through the superior ophthalmic vein or pterygoid venous plexus.
18
Question
Which nerve moves the eye downward and inward?
Page 11
Answer
The trochlear nerve (CN IV), through the superior oblique muscle.
19
Question
Which branch of the retromandibular vein joins the facial vein?
Page 13
Answer
The anterior branch; together they form the common facial vein, which terminates in the internal jugular vein.
20
Question
The facial artery's terminal branch is the _____.
Page 12
Answer
Angular artery
21
Question
Which laryngeal cartilage forms the only complete airway ring?
Page 14
Answer
The cricoid cartilage.
22
Question
Which cartilage protects the airway during swallowing?
Page 14
Answer
The epiglottic cartilage covers the laryngeal inlet and directs food and liquids toward the esophagus.
23
Question
Which laryngeal nerve innervates the cricothyroid muscle?
Page 16
Answer
The external laryngeal nerve, a branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.
24
Question
Which muscle abducts the vocal folds to open the rima glottidis?
Page 16
Answer
The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle, innervated by the posterior branch of the inferior laryngeal nerve.
25
Question
Which thyroid artery is the first branch of the external carotid artery?
Page 16
Answer
The superior thyroid artery.
26
Question
Which artery is the largest branch of the thyrocervical trunk?
Page 17
Answer
The inferior thyroid artery.
27
Question
Which artery is the most common source of bleeding during thyroidectomy?
Page 17
Answer
The thyroidea ima artery.
28
Question
Which nerve supplies sensory and autonomic innervation above the vocal folds?
Page 16
Answer
The internal laryngeal nerve.
29
Question
Where does the inferior thyroid vein drain?
Page 19
Answer
Into the brachiocephalic vein posterior to the manubrium.
30
Question
Which lymph node receives lymphatic drainage from the palatine tonsils?
Page 18
Answer
The tonsillar (jugulodigastric) node.