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Social Influence and Obedience
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Social Influence and Obedience
Social Influence and Obedience
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1
Question
In obedience research, what does an agentic state involve?
Page 1
Answer
An agentic state occurs when an individual carries out another person’s orders with little personal responsibility, transferring blame to the person giving the instructions.
2
Question
Which personality pattern involves extreme respect for authority?
Page 1
Answer
An authoritarian personality involves extreme respect for authority and obedience to powerful people, often developed through strict, disciplinarian parenting.
3
Question
When are individuals described as being in an autonomous state?
Page 1
Answer
Individuals are in an autonomous state when they are seen as personally responsible for their actions.
4
Question
Which experience results from holding two contradictory ideas simultaneously?
Page 1
Answer
Cognitive dissonance: an unpleasant feeling of anxiety caused by holding two contradictory ideas.
5
Question
In conformity, what does compliance specifically involve?
Page 1
Answer
Compliance is public conformity despite private disagreement.
6
Question
Which term describes actors posing as participants in an experiment?
Page 1
Answer
Confederates are stooges or pseudo-participants acting in an experiment.
7
Question
Which process changes what people do, think, or say in response to others?
Page 1
Answer
Conformity: changing behaviour, thoughts, or speech in response to others.
8
Question
In social influence, what does dehumanisation involve?
Page 1
Answer
Dehumanisation involves degrading people by lessening their human qualities.
9
Question
When does deindividuation occur within a group?
Page 1
Answer
Deindividuation occurs when entering a group causes a person to lose some individual identity.
10
Question
Which attribution explains behaviour through internal characteristics?
Page 1
Answer
Dispositional attribution explains individual behaviour through internal characteristics residing within the individual.
11
Question
When does ethnocentrism affect interpretations of obedience findings?
Page 1
Answer
Ethnocentrism occurs when findings about obedience are generalised across countries and cultures despite differing values and beliefs.
12
Question
Which personal characteristics affect how strongly individuals yield to group pressures?
Page 1
Answer
Individual variables are personal characteristics that affect the degree to which individuals yield to group pressures.
13
Question
People who permanently change their beliefs demonstrate _____.
Page 2
Answer
Internalisation
14
Question
When does ironic deviance occur under majority pressure?
Page 2
Answer
Ironic deviance occurs when majority behaviour is believed to result from unreasonable pressure by authority.
15
Question
Which concept measures perceived control over events in one’s life?
Page 2
Answer
Locus of control: the extent to which individuals believe they can control life events.
16
Question
Which alternative term refers to conformity as group pressure?
Page 2
Answer
Majority influence is an alternative term for conformity.
17
Question
Which experimental procedure is used to measure obedience rates?
Page 2
Answer
The Milgram paradigm is an experimental procedure for measuring obedience rates.
18
Question
In group influence, what does minority influence describe?
Page 2
Answer
Minority influence occurs when an individual or small group influences the attitudes and behaviour of a larger group.
19
Question
Which principle guides decisions and behaviour through perceived proper conduct?
Page 2
Answer
Morality involves decisions and behaviour based on the perception of proper conduct.
20
Question
Why does perceived legitimacy of authority increase obedience?
Page 2
Answer
People are more likely to obey someone perceived as holding a higher, socially agreed-upon position in a hierarchy, especially when status is symbolised by a uniform.
21
Question
Which response involves complying with an authority figure’s demands?
Page 2
Answer
Obedience: complying with the demands of an authority figure.
22
Question
Which concept refers to the characteristics forming an individual’s distinctive nature?
Page 2
Answer
Personality: the combination of characteristics forming an individual’s distinctive nature.
23
Question
When does reactance occur in response to restricted choice?
Page 2
Answer
Reactance occurs when someone feels that choices are being taken away or alternatives are being limited.
24
Question
Which environmental features affect yielding to group pressure?
Page 2
Answer
Situational variables are features of an environment that affect the degree to which individuals yield to group pressures.
25
Question
How does social change affect acceptable behaviour over time?
Page 2
Answer
Social change is the process through which attitudes, beliefs, and norms of acceptable behaviour vary over time.
26
Question
Which concept describes the parts individuals play within social groups?
Page 3
Answer
Social roles: the parts individuals play as members of a social group.
27
Question
Which concept concerns perceived assistance and solidarity from others?
Page 3
Answer
Social support: the perception of assistance and solidarity available from others.
28
Question
Which concept identifies an individual’s position within a hierarchy?
Page 3
Answer
Status: the position of an individual within a hierarchical group.
29
Question
Which processing style relies on critical thinking and analysis?
Page 3
Answer
Systematic processing: analysis based on critical thinking.
30
Question
Complete agreement from a group about an issue is called _____.
Page 3
Answer
Unanimity