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Untitled Flashcards
AP Statistics - Unit 1
Study
1
Question
z-score
Answer
measures the number of standard deviations a point is away from the mean
2
Question
percentile
Answer
the percent of data at or below a point
3
Question
outlier rules
Answer
lower fence < Q1 - 1.5 IQR | upper fence > Q3 + 1.5 IQR | lower fence < mean - 2SD | upper fence > mean + 2SD
4
Question
quartile three (Q3)
Answer
the median of the upper half of the data
5
Question
quartile one (Q1)
Answer
the median of the lower half of the data
6
Question
mean
Answer
a location equidistant from all data points
7
Question
standard deviation (SD or sx)
Answer
the typical (average) distance of all the data points from the mean
8
Question
variability (spread)
Answer
range, variance, standard deviation, interquartile range
9
Question
outlier
Answer
a data point statistically proven to be far less or far greater than the rest of the data
10
Question
center
Answer
mean, median
11
Question
shape
Answer
skewed left, skewed right, unimodal, symmetric, bimodal, uniform, etc.
12
Question
quantitative variable data is displayed using a...
Answer
dot plot, stem and leaf plot, or histogram
13
Question
continuous variable
Answer
14
Question
discrete variable
Answer
15
Question
mosaic plot
Answer
a bar graph with adjusted bar widths to display fluctuations in the sample
16
Question
categorical variable data is displayed using a...
Answer
pie chart or bar graph
17
Question
response variable
Answer
dependent variable; what is being measured as a result of another variable in the study
18
Question
explanatory variable
Answer
independent variable; what is changing in the study
19
Question
conditional (relative frequency)
Answer
the total of one category divided by the total of another category; typically uses the word "given"
20
Question
joint (relative frequency)
Answer
the intersection of 2 category's totals divided by the complete total
21
Question
marginal (relative frequency)
Answer
the total of one category divided by the complete total
22
Question
relative frequency
Answer
the count/enumeration of individuals/participants; measured as a percentage (%)
23
Question
frequency
Answer
the count/enumeration of individuals/participants; measured in whole numbers
24
Question
randomness
Answer
process used to create a viable sample from a population
25
Question
quantitative variable
Answer
variables measured with numbers
26
Question
categorical variable
Answer
variables fit into specified options
27
Question
variable
Answer
something that changes
28
Question
retrospective study
Answer
data collected by using past records
29
Question
prospective study
Answer
data collected by following participants over time
30
Question
investigative question
Answer
a question that describes what researchers/statisticians are trying to answer