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Radiographic Positioning and Bone Anatomy
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Radiographic Positioning and Bone Anatomy
Radiographic Positioning and Bone Anatomy
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1
Question
How is a radiographic projection defined in positioning terminology?
Page 18
Answer
It is the path of the central ray as it exits the x-ray tube, passes through the patient, and reaches the image receptor.
2
Question
Which feature distinguishes a patient position from a radiographic projection?
Page 18
Answer
Position describes the patient’s overall posture or the placement of a body part relative to the table or image receptor.
3
Question
How is a radiographic view defined in relation to the image receptor?
Page 19
Answer
A view describes the body part as seen by the image receptor.
4
Question
What does the radiographic term method refer to?
Page 19
Answer
Method refers to a specific radiographic projection developed by an individual.
5
Question
How do projection and view differ in radiographic terminology?
Page 19
Answer
Projection describes the central-ray path through the body. View describes the body part as seen by the image receptor and is the preferred term in the United States.
6
Question
Which surfaces does the central ray cross during an AP projection?
Page 20
Answer
The central ray enters the anterior surface and exits the posterior surface.
7
Question
Which surfaces does the central ray cross during a PA projection?
Page 20
Answer
The central ray enters the posterior surface and exits the anterior surface.
8
Question
When does a projection qualify as axial?
Page 20
Answer
It qualifies as axial when the central ray has a longitudinal angle of 10 degrees or more.
9
Question
How can an axial projection be produced without angling the central ray?
Page 20
Answer
The entire body or body part can be angled while the central ray remains perpendicular to the image receptor.
10
Question
How is a tangential projection produced?
Page 24
Answer
The central ray is directed along the outer margin of a curved body surface.
11
Question
How does a lateral projection describe the central-ray path?
Page 24
Answer
The central ray enters one side of the body and passes transversely along the coronal plane.
12
Question
How is an oblique projection distinguished from an AP or PA projection?
Page 24
Answer
The central ray enters from a side angle, although the entrance and exit surfaces remain specified, such as in an AP oblique projection.
13
Question
What distinguishes a bone process or projection from a depression?
Page 3
Answer
A process or projection extends beyond or projects outward from the main body of a bone. A depression is a hollow or depressed area.
14
Question
How is a fracture defined in the terminology of bone features?
Page 3
Answer
A fracture is a break in a bone.
15
Question
Which bone marking is a rounded process at an articular end?
Page 4
Answer
A condyle is a rounded process at an articular end.
16
Question
Which bone marking is described as a beaklike or crownlike process?
Page 4
Answer
A coracoid or coronoid is a beaklike or crownlike process.
17
Question
Which bone marking forms a ridgelike process?
Page 4
Answer
A crest is a ridgelike process.
18
Question
Where is an epicondyle located relative to a condyle?
Page 4
Answer
An epicondyle is a projection above a condyle.
19
Question
Which bone marking is a small, smooth-surfaced articular process?
Page 5
Answer
A facet is a small, smooth-surfaced articular process.
20
Question
Which bone marking has a hook-shaped form?
Page 5
Answer
A hamulus is a hook-shaped process.
21
Question
Which bone marking forms the expanded end of a long bone?
Page 5
Answer
The head is the expanded end of a long bone.
22
Question
Which bone marking is described as a hornlike process?
Page 5
Answer
A horn is a hornlike process.
23
Question
How does a line differ from a crest as a bone marking?
Page 6
Answer
A line is a linear elevation that is not as prominent as a crest.
24
Question
Which bone marking is a club-shaped process?
Page 6
Answer
A malleolus is a club-shaped process.
25
Question
Which bone marking is a projecting prominence?
Page 6
Answer
A protuberance is a projecting prominence.
26
Question
Which bone marking is characterized as a sharp process?
Page 6
Answer
A spine is a sharp process.
27
Question
Which bone depression forms a cleft or deep groove?
Page 7
Answer
A fissure is a cleft or deep groove.
28
Question
What passes through a foramen in a bone?
Page 7
Answer
A foramen is a hole in a bone for transmission of vessels and nerves.
29
Question
Which bone depression is a pit, fovea, or hollow space?
Page 7
Answer
A fossa is a pit, fovea, or hollow space.
30
Question
How does a groove differ from a fissure?
Page 7
Answer
A groove is a shallow linear channel. A fissure is a cleft or deep groove.