/
Hematologic System Basics
Save to my account
Sign up
Hematologic System Basics
Hematologic System Basics
Study
1
Question
Which components of the hematologic system are responsible for oxygen transport?
Page 2
Answer
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are primarily responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body.
2
Question
What is the primary function of white blood cells within the hematologic system?
Page 2
Answer
White blood cells (leukocytes) defend the body against infection, remove cellular debris, and contribute to immunity.
3
Question
What role do platelets play in the hematologic system?
Page 2
Answer
Platelets are specialized blood cells that help in clotting and coagulation of blood to reestablish hemostasis after vascular injury.
4
Question
What is the primary composition of blood plasma?
Page 2
Answer
Blood plasma is the liquid state of blood, making up about 55% of blood, and primarily consists of water, salts, nutrients, enzymes, and important proteins.
5
Question
Which organs are critical for blood cell development and maintenance?
Page 2
Answer
The bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes play essential roles in the development and maintenance of blood cells.
6
Question
What percentage of the total body weight is typically comprised of blood?
Page 3
Answer
Blood typically comprises 8% of the total body weight.
7
Question
What is the approximate percentage by volume of plasma in a centrifuged blood sample?
Page 3
Answer
Plasma constitutes approximately 55% of the volume in a centrifuged blood sample.
8
Question
What is the approximate percentage by volume of formed elements in a centrifuged blood sample?
Page 3
Answer
Formed elements constitute approximately 45% of the volume in a centrifuged blood sample.
9
Question
What is the approximate percentage of water in blood plasma?
Page 3
Answer
Water accounts for approximately 91% of blood plasma by weight.
10
Question
What percentage of blood plasma by weight is composed of proteins?
Page 3
Answer
Proteins make up approximately 7% of blood plasma by weight.
11
Question
What are the four main types of proteins found in blood plasma, according to their percentages?
Page 3
Answer
The four main types are Albumins (57%), Globulins (38%), Fibrinogen (4%), and Prothrombin (1%).
12
Question
What are some examples of other solutes found in blood plasma, besides proteins?
Page 3
Answer
Other solutes include ions, nutrients, waste products, gases, and regulatory substances.
13
Question
What is the normal platelet count range per cubic millimeter of blood?
Page 3
Answer
The normal platelet count range is 140,000-340,000 per cubic millimeter of blood.
14
Question
What is the normal leukocyte count range per cubic millimeter of blood?
Page 3
Answer
The normal leukocyte count range is 5,000-9,000 per cubic millimeter of blood.
15
Question
What is the normal erythrocyte count range per cubic millimeter of blood?
Page 3
Answer
The normal erythrocyte count range is 4.2-6.2 million per cubic millimeter of blood.
16
Question
Which type of leukocyte is the most numerous, making up 60-70% of white blood cells?
Page 3
Answer
Neutrophils are the most numerous leukocytes, comprising 60-70% of white blood cells.
17
Question
Which type of leukocyte constitutes 20-25% of white blood cells?
Page 3
Answer
Lymphocytes constitute 20-25% of white blood cells.
18
Question
Which type of leukocyte accounts for 3-8% of white blood cells?
Page 3
Answer
Monocytes account for 3-8% of white blood cells.
19
Question
Which type of leukocyte typically makes up 2-4% of white blood cells?
Page 3
Answer
Eosinophils typically make up 2-4% of white blood cells.
20
Question
Which type of leukocyte is the least common, constituting 0.5-1% of white blood cells?
Page 3
Answer
Basophils are the least common leukocytes, constituting 0.5-1% of white blood cells.
21
Question
What is the characteristic shape and nuclear feature of red blood cells?
Page 4
Answer
Red blood cells (RBCs) are biconcave cells and uniquely lack a nucleus.
22
Question
Which iron-rich protein gives blood its red color?
Page 4
Answer
Hemoglobin, an iron-rich protein, gives blood its characteristic red color.
23
Question
Where are the most copious blood cells, red blood cells, primarily produced?
Page 4
Answer
Red blood cells, the most copious blood cells, are primarily produced in the bone marrow.
24
Question
What is the main physiological function of red blood cells?
Page 4
Answer
The main physiological function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen from and to various tissues and organs.
25
Question
What are the key roles of white blood cells in the body?
Page 5
Answer
White blood cells defend the body against infectious organisms, remove dead or injured host cells (debris), and contribute to immunity and defense mechanisms.
26
Question
Why are leukocytes described as 'colorless blood cells'?
Page 5
Answer
Leukocytes are described as colorless because they are devoid of hemoglobin, unlike red blood cells.
27
Question
Into what two main categories are white blood cells classified?
Page 5
Answer
White blood cells are classified into granulocytes and agranulocytes.
28
Question
What are the primary functions of eosinophils?
Page 6
Answer
Eosinophils are involved in inflammation and allergic responses, defend against parasitic infections through phagocytosis, and are found in high concentrations in the digestive tract.
29
Question
What is the main role of basophils in the immune response?
Page 6
Answer
Basophils contribute to the immune response against pathogens by releasing histamine and dilating blood vessels, and are related to bronchoconstriction in asthma.
30
Question
What are the key functions and lifespan of neutrophils?
Page 6
Answer
Neutrophils perform phagocytosis in the early phase of inflammation, attack bacteria, are present in pus, and have a lifespan of up to 8 hours.