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Chemical Process Equipment Design Principles
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Chemical Process Equipment Design Principles
Chemical Process Equipment Design Principles
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1
Question
What is the designated color for fresh water carrying pipelines within chemical industrial facilities?
Page 1
Answer
Sea green
2
Question
Which material is specifically identified as being seldom used for the construction of pressure vessels?
Page 1
Answer
Rimmed steel
3
Question
What is the engineering term for the ratio of shear stress to shear strain?
Page 1
Answer
Modulus of rigidity (or shear modulus)
4
Question
What does a 25 percent cut segmental baffle signify regarding the geometry of the shell?
Page 1
Answer
The baffle height is 75 percent of the internal diameter of the shell
5
Question
At what storage capacity are liquid or petroleum fuel storage tanks required to be built underground?
Page 1
Answer
Less than 45 kilolitres
6
Question
What is the approximate equivalent length to diameter ratio (Le/D) for a fully open globe valve?
Page 1
Answer
300
7
Question
Which type of support is characterized by its suitability for thick vertical vessels and having a lower height than skirt supported vessels?
Page 1
Answer
Lug support (or bracket support)
8
Question
How does the number of shell passes in a shell and tube heat exchanger affect the value of the LMTD correction factor (FT)?
Page 1
Answer
The value of FT increases as the number of shell passes increases
9
Question
In the design of sieve trays, what is the standard range for the triangular pitch relative to the hole diameter?
Page 1
Answer
2.5 to 5 times the hole diameter
10
Question
What is the typical range for the minimum shell thickness of carbon steel shell and tube heat exchangers, including corrosion allowance?
Page 1
Answer
8 to 15 mm
11
Question
What is the term for the maximum stress a material can withstand without undergoing permanent deformation?
Page 1
Answer
Elastic limit
12
Question
In the context of heat exchanger design, how is 'tube pitch' specifically defined?
Page 1
Answer
Shortest centre to centre distance between adjacent tubes
13
Question
What distillation calculation method assumes that sensible heat changes and heats of mixing are negligible while molar latent heats are equal?
Page 1
Answer
McCabe-Thiele method
14
Question
For bubble cap distillation columns with a diameter exceeding 1.2 meters, what is the standard cap diameter?
Page 2
Answer
15 cms (or roughly 10-15 cms depending on configuration)
15
Question
How many times higher is the tube side pressure drop in a 1-2 heat exchanger compared to a 1-1 heat exchanger of the same size?
Page 2
Answer
8 times
16
Question
If the impeller diameter of a stirred vessel is increased by 20 percent under turbulent flow, by what factor must the speed decrease to maintain constant power?
Page 2
Answer
(1.2)^5/3
17
Question
Where does the maximum tensile stress occur in a thick-walled cylindrical vessel subjected to internal pressure?
Page 2
Answer
At the inner surface
18
Question
What is the minimum acceptable value for the LMTD correction factor (FT) in heat exchanger design?
Page 2
Answer
0.8 (or 0.75-0.8 depending on standard practice)
19
Question
How does the wall thickness of schedule 40 pipe compare to that of schedule 80 pipe for the same nominal diameter?
Page 2
Answer
Schedule 40 pipe has a smaller wall thickness than schedule 80 pipe
20
Question
What is the primary function of a stuffing box in chemical process equipment?
Page 2
Answer
Prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts
21
Question
What is the experimentally determined parameter that represents the height of packing giving the same separation as one theoretical plate?
Page 3
Answer
HETP (Height Equivalent to a Theoretical Plate)
22
Question
How is the 'factor of safety' (or overdesign factor) defined in equipment design?
Page 2
Answer
The ratio of the ultimate stress to the working stress
23
Question
What is the q-value for a feed that enters a distillation column as a saturated liquid?
Page 2
Answer
1
24
Question
Which distillation column design method accounts for enthalpy changes and uses an enthalpy-concentration diagram?
Page 3
Answer
Ponchon-Savarit method
25
Question
What is the typical range for the peripherial speed of a propeller agitator?
Page 3
Answer
300 to 500 metres/minute
26
Question
What is the limit for the maximum liquid gradient over a distillation tray?
Page 3
Answer
0.5" to 1.25" (or 12.5 mm to 31.75 mm)
27
Question
Which type of support is typically utilized for horizontal cylindrical pressure vessels?
Page 3
Answer
Saddle support
28
Question
In a thin cylindrical vessel under internal pressure, what is the ratio of the circumferential (hoop) stress to the longitudinal stress?
Page 8
Answer
2 (Hoop stress is twice the longitudinal stress)
29
Question
What represents the efficiency of a perforated plate based on hole pitch and hole diameter?
Page 6
Answer
Ligament efficiency
30
Question
What is the most common cut for a segmental baffle used in industrial shell and tube heat exchangers?
Page 14
Answer
25 percent cut