/
15th-Century Europe to Mestizaje
Save to my account
Sign up
15th-Century Europe to Mestizaje
15th-Century Europe to Mestizaje
Study
1
Question
What changes were happening in 15th-century Europe?
Answer
Feudalism was weakening, trade and towns were growing, monarchies were becoming stronger, exploration was increasing, and the Renaissance was encouraging learning and art.
2
Question
What was the role of men in feudal society?
Answer
Men usually held most political, military, and legal power. Lords owned land, knights fought, and peasants worked the land.
3
Question
What was the role of women in feudal society?
Answer
Women generally had fewer rights than men. Noble women might manage estates, while peasant women worked in fields, homes, and childcare.
4
Question
What was the Renaissance?
Answer
A cultural rebirth that began in Italy and focused on humanism, education, art, science, and classical ideas.
5
Question
What was the Reconquista of Spain?
Answer
A long Christian effort to retake Iberia from Muslim rule. It ended in 1492 with the fall of Granada and strengthened Spanish unity and Catholic influence.
6
Question
What does a compass do?
Answer
It shows direction by using magnetic north.
7
Question
What does an astrolabe do?
Answer
It helped sailors determine latitude by measuring the position of the sun or stars.
8
Question
What are lateen sails used for?
Answer
They are triangular sails that allowed ships to sail more effectively against the wind.
9
Question
What is a caravel?
Answer
A small, fast, maneuverable ship used for exploration.
10
Question
What was the importance of the printing press?
Answer
It spread knowledge, maps, religious ideas, and other information much faster.
11
Question
What did the Treaty of Tordesillas state?
Answer
It divided newly explored lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal. Lands west of the line went to Spain and lands east went to Portugal.
12
Question
What did Columbus agree to with Ferdinand and Isabella?
Answer
He asked for support for his voyage and promised riches and trade routes. In return, he was granted titles, authority, and a share of wealth if successful.
13
Question
Where did Columbus go on his first voyage?
Answer
He reached Caribbean islands including San Salvador, Cuba, and Hispaniola.
14
Question
Where did Columbus go on his second voyage?
Answer
He explored more Caribbean islands and Hispaniola.
15
Question
Where did Columbus go on his third voyage?
Answer
He reached Trinidad and the coast near South America.
16
Question
Where did Columbus go on his fourth voyage?
Answer
He explored parts of Central America, including areas near Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama.
17
Question
What were the results of Columbus’s voyages?
Answer
Spain claimed territories, European colonization expanded, trade increased, indigenous populations were devastated, and the Columbian Exchange began.
18
Question
Why did Europeans come to the New World?
Answer
For gold, goods, glory, and the gospel.
19
Question
How did Columbus’s voyages affect native people?
Answer
They suffered disease, violence, slavery, land loss, cultural disruption, and severe population decline.
20
Question
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Answer
The transfer of plants, animals, people, culture, technology, and disease between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
21
Question
What was one outcome of the Columbian Exchange?
Answer
It changed diets, economies, populations, and environments on both sides of the Atlantic.
22
Question
Name some crops exchanged from the Americas to Europe and Africa.
Answer
Corn, potatoes, tomatoes, cacao, tobacco, and cassava.
23
Question
Name some goods and animals exchanged from Europe and Africa to the Americas.
Answer
Wheat, sugarcane, rice, horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, and chickens.
24
Question
What diseases were brought to the Americas?
Answer
Smallpox, measles, influenza, and typhus.
25
Question
Why were Europeans at an advantage in conquest?
Answer
They had steel weapons, guns, horses, better ships, and indigenous people were weakened by disease and divisions.
26
Question
What were positive effects of the Columbian Exchange?
Answer
New crops improved diets, animals helped farming and transportation, trade expanded, and new goods and technologies spread.
27
Question
What were negative effects of the Columbian Exchange?
Answer
Deadly diseases killed millions, lands were taken, slavery increased, and ecosystems were disrupted.
28
Question
Why did indigenous populations decrease after European contact?
Answer
Disease, war, forced labor, starvation, and displacement caused huge population losses.
29
Question
What was the Reformation?
Answer
A split in Western Christianity in which Protestants broke away from the Catholic Church and emphasized faith, scripture, and reform.
30
Question
How did the Reformation affect the colonies and America?
Answer
Different Christian groups migrated to the Americas, Protestant churches grew, and religion shaped settlement, laws, and education.