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Unit 11 Flashcards
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Unit 11 Flashcards
Unit 11 Flashcards
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1
Question
What was a major weakness of the Constitutional Act?
Answer
It left too much power in the hands of appointed officials like the governor and councils, while elected assemblies had limited control.
2
Question
Which elite group dominated politics in Upper Canada?
Answer
The Family Compact.
3
Question
Which elite group dominated politics in Lower Canada?
Answer
The Château Clique.
4
Question
Who was a leading reform critic in Upper Canada?
Answer
William Lyon Mackenzie.
5
Question
Who was a leading reform critic in Lower Canada?
Answer
Louis-Joseph Papineau.
6
Question
What did the 92 Resolutions demand?
Answer
They demanded stronger assembly power and major political reforms in Lower Canada.
7
Question
What triggered the Rebellions of 1837–38?
Answer
Britain’s refusal to grant major reforms and growing frustration with elite colonial rule.
8
Question
Were the Rebellions of 1837–38 successful?
Answer
No. They failed, but exposed serious weaknesses in colonial government.
9
Question
What is representative government?
Answer
A system where colonists elect representatives to a legislative assembly.
10
Question
What is responsible government?
Answer
A system where the executive must maintain the confidence of the elected assembly.
11
Question
What is the key difference between representative and responsible government?
Answer
Representative government allows elections; responsible government makes the executive answer to the elected assembly.
12
Question
Who were central leaders in making responsible government work in the Province of Canada?
Answer
Robert Baldwin and Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine.
13
Question
What did Lord Durham recommend after the rebellions?
Answer
He recommended responsible government and the union of Upper and Lower Canada.
14
Question
What was problematic about Durham’s view of Lower Canada?
Answer
He believed French Canadians should be assimilated into English political culture.
15
Question
When did the Act of Union come into effect?
Answer
1841.
16
Question
What did the Act of Union create?
Answer
The Province of Canada.
17
Question
What were Upper and Lower Canada renamed under the union?
Answer
Canada West and Canada East.
18
Question
What was one main goal of the Act of Union?
Answer
To weaken French-Canadian political influence and stabilize politics after the rebellions.
19
Question
What was a built-in weakness of the Act of Union?
Answer
It gave equal representation to Canada East and Canada West despite unequal populations.
20
Question
What was one strength of the Act of Union?
Answer
It created a single political structure that helped make cross-regional alliances and later responsible government possible.
21
Question
What does 'state formation' mean in mid-19th-century British North America?
Answer
It means the growth of government power, bureaucracy, and institutional reach into everyday life.
22
Question
Name two areas where the colonial state became more active in this period.
Answer
Examples include education, poor relief, criminal justice, local government, taxation, and transportation.
23
Question
What was the central thesis of Allen Greer’s Colonial Leviathan?
Answer
That the colonial state became stronger and more involved in everyday life through expanding institutions and administration.
24
Question
What gap did Greer later say Colonial Leviathan should have addressed more fully?
Answer
Indigenous history and the role of the state in Indigenous dispossession and reserve creation.
25
Question
How does Greer interpret rebellion in Lower Canada?
Answer
As something shaped by local rural society and grassroots community action, not just elite nationalist politics.
26
Question
What was a charivari in Greer’s work?
Answer
A folk custom of public shaming that could become a political weapon during the rebellion.
27
Question
What is Ian Radforth’s main point about the Rebellion Losses controversy?
Answer
Politics was shaped not only by constitutional debate but also by demonstrations, spectacle, crowd action, and public performance.
28
Question
What happened after the Rebellion Losses Bill passed in 1849?
Answer
It triggered major protests and riots, including the burning of the Parliament building in Montreal.
29
Question
According to Frank Abbott, what usually mattered more to rural Quebecers than elite politics?
Answer
Everyday concerns like farming, harvests, poverty, disease, and local survival.
30
Question
According to Abbott, were rural Quebecers always deeply engaged in constitutional politics?
Answer
No. Many were less invested in elite political issues than reform leaders were.