/
Colonial North America History
Save to my account
Sign up
Colonial North America History
Colonial North America History
Study
1
Question
What is the economic theory of mercantilism as described in the colonial context?
Page 2
Answer
Mercantilism is the idea that a country’s power depends on maximizing exports and controlling trade so that colonies benefit the imperial center.
2
Question
Why were the Grand Banks off Newfoundland referred to as the 'nursery of the navy'?
Page 4
Answer
The fishing industry there provided a training ground for sailors who would eventually serve in the British Royal Navy.
3
Question
How did the land survey patterns of the English colonies differ from those in New France?
Page 6
Answer
English colonies used a block-shaped survey pattern, while New France used the seigneurial system with long narrow strips along rivers.
4
Question
What were the distinct land inheritance systems used in New England versus colonial Canada?
Page 6
Answer
New England favored primogeniture (eldest male heir), while Canada used coparcenary (dividing land among widows and children).
5
Question
Why did European fur traders prefer beaver pelts that had already been worn by Indigenous people?
Page 9
Answer
Wearing the pelts naturally wore off the guard hairs, allowing the soft under-fur to be felted properly for European markets.
6
Question
What was the significance of the Great Peace of 1701 in the context of colonial warfare?
Page 10
Answer
The Great Peace of 1701 ended almost continuous warfare between France and several Haudenosaunee nations.
7
Question
What territorial changes occurred for France as a result of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713?
Page 11
Answer
France lost claims to mainland Acadia, Hudson Bay, and Newfoundland, but kept Île Royale and Île Saint-Jean.
8
Question
What characteristics defined Acadia's 'golden age' from 1713 to 1748 according to historian Naomi Griffiths?
Page 12
Answer
The period was marked by peaceful core settlements, family growth, improved life expectancy, and limited war and disease.
9
Question
Which British settlement was founded in 1749 within Mi’kmaq territory despite earlier promises not to settle there?
Page 13
Answer
Halifax
10
Question
What role did the French priest Jean-Louis Le Loutre play in the period leading up to the Acadian Expulsion?
Page 13
Answer
He helped organize resistance and encouraged Acadians to move to Île Saint-Jean to weaken British food supplies.
11
Question
What is the French term for the long process known as the Acadian Expulsion?
Page 13
Answer
Le Grand Dérangement
12
Question
What specific event in 1755 served as the starting point for the British deportation of Acadians?
Page 13
Answer
The capture of Fort Beauséjour
13
Question
Which region served as the immediate flashpoint for the Seven Years' War in North America?
Page 13
Answer
The Ohio Valley
14
Question
What were the specific territorial reasons for Georgia and Virginia to clash with New France by 1754?
Page 14
Answer
Georgia was squeezed between Florida and Louisiana, while Virginia wanted land west of the Appalachians.
15
Question
How did the Council of the Three Fires impact the early stages of the Seven Years' War?
Page 14
Answer
They were important Indigenous allies for the French, particularly the Ottawa and Potawatomi nations.
16
Question
Why did the war mostly favor the French from 1754 to 1757?
Page 14
Answer
The French utilized regular troops, Canadien irregulars, and Indigenous militias who understood forest warfare better than the British.
17
Question
How did the arrival of General Montcalm in 1756 change French military strategy?
Page 14
Answer
He shifted toward traditional European battle styles and distrusted Indigenous warfare, failing to use the strengths of the French colonial system.
18
Question
What major tactical mistake did the French make during the 1759 British attack on Quebec?
Page 15
Answer
They failed to properly defend the heights across from the city.
19
Question
What was the significance of the Battle of Sainte-Foy in 1760?
Page 15
Answer
The French won the battle but were unable to retake Quebec, which led to the fall of Montreal later that year.
20
Question
What were the long-term consequences of the Seven Years' War for the British American colonies?
Page 15
Answer
They gained confidence from the victory, military experience for leaders like Washington, and it was the first time the Thirteen Colonies worked together.