/
Pathogenic Bacteria and Clinical Microbiology
Save to my account
Sign up
Pathogenic Bacteria and Clinical Microbiology
Pathogenic Bacteria and Clinical Microbiology
Study
1
Question
Where are Viridans streptococci and Streptococcus pneumoniae chiefly found?
Page 1
Answer
In the oropharynx.
2
Question
Where is Streptococcus pyogenes found in small numbers?
Page 1
Answer
On the skin and the oropharynx.
3
Question
Where does Streptococcus agalactiae normally occur?
Page 1
Answer
In the vagina and colon.
4
Question
What does enterotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus cause?
Page 1
Answer
Food poisoning.
5
Question
Which bacteria produce catalase and which do not?
Page 1
Answer
All staphylococci produce catalase whereas no streptococci do.
6
Question
What happens with antibody to M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes in rheumatic fever?
Page 2
Answer
Cross-reacts with cardiac muscle and damages it.
7
Question
What are the most common bacteria causing urinary tract infections?
Page 2
Answer
Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Enterococcus faecalis.
8
Question
How many antigenically distinct types do polysaccharide capsules of Streptococcus pneumoniae have?
Page 2
Answer
91 serotypes.
9
Question
What enzyme does Streptococcus pneumoniae produce to colonize the upper respiratory mucosa?
Page 2
Answer
IgA protease that cleaves IgA.
10
Question
What initiates acute glomerulonephritis?
Page 2
Answer
Antigen-antibody complexes on the glomerular basement membrane.
11
Question
What diseases do group B streptococci cause in neonates?
Page 2
Answer
Neonatal sepsis and meningitis.
12
Question
What is the most common cause of infective endocarditis from viridans streptococci?
Page 2
Answer
Viridans streptococci such as S. mutans, S. sanguinis, S. salivarius, and S. mitis.
13
Question
What infections do enterococci commonly cause?
Page 2
Answer
Urinary tract infections.
14
Question
In which patients do enterococci particularly cause endocarditis?
Page 2
Answer
Patients who have undergone gastrointestinal or urinary tract surgery or instrumentation.
15
Question
What condition is associated with Streptococcus bovis endocarditis?
Page 2
Answer
Especially in patients with carcinoma of the colon.
16
Question
What infections does Staphylococcus epidermidis cause?
Page 2
Answer
Prosthetic valve endocarditis and prosthetic joint infections.
17
Question
Can Staphylococcus aureus cause Kawasaki disease?
Page 2
Answer
Yes, Staphylococcus aureus can cause Kawasaki disease.
18
Question
What plasmid in Bacillus anthracis carries the three toxin protein components?
Page 2
Answer
pXO1.
19
Question
Name the two toxins produced by Bacillus anthracis.
Page 2
Answer
Lethal toxin and edema toxin.
20
Question
Which Bacillus anthracis protein is a zinc-dependent protease cleaving MAP kinase?
Page 2
Answer
Lethal factor (LF).
21
Question
Which Bacillus anthracis protein resembles adenylate cyclases from Bordetella and Pseudomonas?
Page 2
Answer
Edema factor (EF).
22
Question
What is the etiologic agent of Wool-Sorters’ Disease?
Page 2
Answer
Bacillus anthracis (inhalation anthrax).
23
Question
Name the two enterotoxins produced by Bacillus cereus.
Page 2
Answer
Heat-stable (emetic form) and heat-labile (diarrheal form).
24
Question
Name three toxins implicated in Bacillus cereus infections.
Page 2
Answer
Necrotic toxin (heat-labile enterotoxin), cereolysin, and phospholipase C.
25
Question
Which Bacillus species causes rapid eye loss within 48 hours post-injury?
Page 2
Answer
Bacillus cereus.
26
Question
Which Mycobacterium commonly infects lymphatic tissue?
Page 2
Answer
Mycobacterium scrofulaceum.
27
Question
What causes Lady Windermere syndrome?
Page 2
Answer
Mycobacterium avium complex (Mycobacterium avium or Mycobacterium intracellulare).
28
Question
What is the adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes?
Page 4
Answer
Internalin A (InlA).
29
Question
What receptor mediates adherence of Listeria monocytogenes?
Page 4
Answer
Epithelial cadherin.
30
Question
What protein enables movement of Listeria monocytogenes via actin polymerization?
Page 4
Answer
ActA.