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Foundations of Folk Literature
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Foundations of Folk Literature
Foundations of Folk Literature
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1
Question
How is folk literature primarily transmitted across generations?
Page 2
Answer
Passed down by word of mouth and changes over time.
2
Question
What defines folktales as a genre of folk literature?
Page 2
Answer
Traditional stories passed down orally, often with magic or mythical characters.
3
Question
What is the primary purpose of myths within folk literature?
Page 2
Answer
Stories that explain nature, creation, or gods.
4
Question
What musical form belongs to folk literature genres?
Page 2
Answer
Ballads – Storytelling songs about love, loss, or adventure.
5
Question
What broad category encompasses stories and sayings in folk literature?
Page 2
Answer
Oral Traditions – Stories and sayings passed by word of mouth.
6
Question
What distinguishes fairy tales from other folktales?
Page 2
Answer
Magical stories with enchanted characters and morals.
7
Question
What animal feature characterizes fables in folk literature?
Page 2
Answer
Short stories with talking animals that teach lessons.
8
Question
How are proverbs structured as a folk literature genre?
Page 2
Answer
Short sayings that share wisdom or advice.
9
Question
What is the entertaining purpose of riddles in folk literature?
Page 2
Answer
Questions or puzzles meant to entertain and challenge thinking.
10
Question
What primary insight does studying folk literature provide about cultures?
Page 3
Answer
Cultural and historical insight – shows a culture’s beliefs, values, and traditions.
11
Question
How does folk literature illuminate non-written cultural practices?
Page 3
Answer
Understanding of oral traditions – reveals storytelling, music, and other spoken traditions.
12
Question
What religious and natural explanations arise from folk literature study?
Page 3
Answer
Understanding of mythology and religion – explains nature and religious beliefs through myths.
13
Question
What does rationalism theory claim about the origin of folktales and myths?
Page 3
Answer
Folktales and myths were created to explain natural events in a logical and understandable way for ordinary people, especially before science existed.
14
Question
According to etymological theory, why were folktales and myths invented?
Page 3
Answer
To explain the origins and meanings of words and names, as people believed words had special or magical power.
15
Question
How does allegorical theory interpret folktales and myths?
Page 3
Answer
Use symbols and hidden meanings to teach moral, religious, or philosophical lessons; myths not literal but symbolic, as Plato believed.
16
Question
What does euhemerism propose about gods and heroes in myths?
Page 3
Answer
Gods and heroes were once real people whose stories were exaggerated over time; introduced by Euhemerus.
17
Question
How does naturalism theory explain folktales and myths in modern terms?
Page 4
Answer
Created to explain and cope with natural events like floods or earthquakes; popularized by Stith Thompson.
18
Question
What role do folktales and myths play in ritualism theory?
Page 4
Answer
Part of religious rituals, teaching moral lessons and reinforcing beliefs; promoted by James Frazer.
19
Question
According to diffusionism, how do similar stories appear across cultures?
Page 4
Answer
Folktales and myths spread between cultures through migration and exchange; popularized by Alan Dundes.
20
Question
How does Freudianism view the content of folktales and myths?
Page 4
Answer
Reveal unconscious desires and fears of the human mind; promoted by Sigmund Freud.
21
Question
What universal elements do Jungian archetypes highlight in myths?
Page 4
Answer
Show universal patterns or archetypes found in all human minds, appearing in different cultures; popularized by Carl Jung.
22
Question
What structural features does structuralism identify in folktales?
Page 4
Answer
Share universal structures like character types and story patterns to understand human culture; promoted by Claude Lévi-Strauss.
23
Question
How is historical critical theory applied to folk literature?
Page 4
Answer
Studied as historical artifacts to understand the culture and times they were created; popularized by Antti Aarne.
24
Question
What are myths and archetypes according to Carl Jung?
Page 4
Answer
Universal symbols, characters, themes, and story patterns found in myths and folklore across cultures from shared collective unconscious.
25
Question
What quest defines the hero archetype in mythology?
Page 5
Answer
Brave and noble character who embarks on a quest or journey to achieve a great goal, overcoming obstacles and defeating evil.
26
Question
Who serves as the wise old man or woman archetype?
Page 5
Answer
Elderly figure representing wisdom and guidance, often a mentor or advisor to the hero.
27
Question
What traits mark the trickster archetype across cultures?
Page 5
Answer
Cunning and mischievous character using wit and deception to achieve goals, challenging societal norms.
28
Question
What virtues embody the maiden archetype?
Page 5
Answer
Young and innocent female representing purity and innocence, often needing protection or rescue.
29
Question
How is the shadow archetype manifested in characters?
Page 5
Answer
Dark and negative aspect of personality representing unconscious desires and fears, often as monster or evil figure.
30
Question
What nurturing role does the mother archetype fulfill?
Page 5
Answer
Nurturing and protective figure representing maternal instinct and care, often goddess or mother figure.