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World Water Resources and Conservation
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World Water Resources and Conservation
World Water Resources and Conservation
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1
Question
What percentage of Earth's total water consists of freshwater?
Page 2
Answer
2.5%
2
Question
Of all freshwater on Earth, what percentage is stored in glaciers and ice caps?
Page 2
Answer
68.7%
3
Question
What fraction of Earth's freshwater is easily accessible as surface water?
Page 2
Answer
Less than 1%
4
Question
In India, what percentage of water resources is consumed by agriculture?
Page 2
Answer
About 85%
5
Question
What percentage of water in India is used for domestic and industrial purposes?
Page 2
Answer
Only 8.5%
6
Question
How many people globally depend on groundwater supplies for their water needs?
Page 2
Answer
Approximately 2 billion people
7
Question
What percentage of all water on Earth is saline?
Page 2
Answer
97%
8
Question
What are the main components included under surface water resources?
Page 3
Answer
Rivers, lakes, reservoirs, wetlands, oceans, and seas
9
Question
What primary feature characterizes groundwater resources?
Page 3
Answer
Aquifers
10
Question
What forms constitute atmospheric water resources?
Page 3
Answer
Water vapors and clouds
11
Question
What types of frozen water are recognized as water resources?
Page 3
Answer
Glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and snow
12
Question
How does the availability of surface water compare to groundwater?
Page 4
Answer
Surface water is easily accessible but varies seasonally, while groundwater is more stable but takes longer to recharge
13
Question
In terms of quality, how does surface water differ from groundwater?
Page 4
Answer
Surface water is more exposed to pollution, while groundwater is generally cleaner but can be contaminated
14
Question
What are the primary uses of surface water?
Page 4
Answer
Drinking, irrigation, and hydropower
15
Question
What are the main uses of groundwater?
Page 4
Answer
Drinking, irrigation, and industry
16
Question
What are the primary causes of floods?
Page 5
Answer
Heavy rainfall, river overflow, urbanization, and climate change
17
Question
What impacts result from floods?
Page 5
Answer
Property damage, loss of life, and water contamination
18
Question
Why does urbanization contribute to flooding?
Page 5
Answer
It reduces natural drainage through impervious surfaces like concrete
19
Question
What are the main causes of droughts?
Page 5
Answer
Low rainfall, overuse of groundwater, and deforestation
20
Question
What are the key impacts of droughts?
Page 5
Answer
Water scarcity, food shortages, and economic loss
21
Question
How does deforestation lead to droughts?
Page 5
Answer
It reduces transpiration and increases surface runoff, lowering moisture retention
22
Question
What is one consequence of population growth on water resources?
Page 6
Answer
Increasing demand for freshwater in domestic, industrial, and agricultural sectors
23
Question
How does population growth contribute to water pollution?
Page 6
Answer
Through urbanization and industrialization increasing pollutant discharge
24
Question
What effect does population growth have on groundwater?
Page 6
Answer
Depletion due to overuse beyond natural recharge rates
25
Question
What is the primary driver of India's groundwater crisis?
Page 7
Answer
Excessive pumping mainly for irrigation
26
Question
What share of global groundwater extraction does India account for?
Page 7
Answer
About 25%
27
Question
Which Indian states face critical groundwater depletion?
Page 7
Answer
Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and parts of Maharashtra
28
Question
Why do Indian farmers rely heavily on groundwater irrigation?
Page 7
Answer
Due to erratic and unpredictable monsoon rains serving as a backup
29
Question
What makes traditional irrigation practices in India inefficient?
Page 7
Answer
Flood irrigation methods waste a lot of water through evaporation and runoff
30
Question
Name four key water conservation methods discussed.
Page 8
Answer
Rainwater harvesting, efficient irrigation including drip and smart farming, wastewater recycling, water pricing policies