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Schizophrenia and Antipsychotics Overview
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1
Question
What is another name for antipsychotics?
Page 1
Answer
Neuroleptics or major tranquilizers
2
Question
Are antipsychotics curative for schizophrenia?
Page 1
Answer
No, they are not curative
3
Question
What do antipsychotics primarily do for schizophrenia patients?
Page 1
Answer
Decrease the intensity of symptoms and permit functioning in a supportive environment
4
Question
Name one primary indication for antipsychotics.
Page 2
Answer
Schizophrenia
5
Question
What affective disorders are treated with antipsychotics?
Page 2
Answer
Bipolar disorder and anxiety disorders
6
Question
What is organic psychosis?
Page 2
Answer
Mental disorder caused by other diseases of the brain (infection, tumor, trauma) or systemic disease indirectly affecting the brain
7
Question
Can substance abuse trigger organic psychosis?
Page 2
Answer
Yes, abuse of alcohol or drugs can trigger organic psychosis
8
Question
In schizophrenia, what disorders affect perceptions?
Page 3
Answer
Illusions and hallucinations
9
Question
What characterizes thinking disorders in schizophrenia?
Page 3
Answer
Delusions (false beliefs not based in reality) and disorganized thinking (speech)
10
Question
What behavioral symptoms occur in schizophrenia?
Page 3
Answer
Abnormal motor behavior including stereotyped movements, agitation, aggressive behaviors, and catatonic behaviors
11
Question
What demographic is primarily affected by chronic schizophrenia?
Page 3
Answer
Young people
12
Question
How disabling is schizophrenia?
Page 3
Answer
Highly disabling
13
Question
What is catatonia in schizophrenia?
Page 4
Answer
Motor immobility and stupor
14
Question
What is waxy flexibility in catatonic patients?
Page 4
Answer
Patients maintain a pose in which someone places them, sometimes for extended periods
15
Question
Name one negative symptom of schizophrenia.
Page 5
Answer
Withdrawal from social contacts
16
Question
What is flattening of emotional responses in schizophrenia?
Page 5
Answer
Lack of emotional expression
17
Question
Name a positive symptom of schizophrenia involving illusions.
Page 5
Answer
Often paranoid illusions
18
Question
What types of hallucinations occur in schizophrenia?
Page 5
Answer
Auditory, visual, etc.
19
Question
Name one genetic factor in schizophrenia etiology.
Page 6
Answer
A number of susceptibility genes have been identified
20
Question
Name one environmental influence early in development for schizophrenia.
Page 6
Answer
Maternal virus infections
21
Question
What is the primary importance in schizophrenia etiology?
Page 6
Answer
Genetic factors
22
Question
What is the overall etiology of schizophrenia?
Page 6
Answer
Combination of genetic and environmental factors
23
Question
Name one pathomorphological change in schizophrenia.
Page 7
Answer
Cortical atrophy
24
Question
What ventricular change occurs in schizophrenia?
Page 7
Answer
Larger ventricles
25
Question
What volume reductions are seen in schizophrenia brain?
Page 7
Answer
Reduction in whole brain volume, prefrontal and temporal lobes
26
Question
What activity change in prefrontal lobes in schizophrenia?
Page 7
Answer
Decreased activity
27
Question
According to dopamine hypothesis, what is excessive in schizophrenia?
Page 8
Answer
Limbic dopaminergic activity
28
Question
What dopaminergic projections are hyperactive for psychotic symptoms?
Page 8
Answer
From midbrain to anterior cortex
29
Question
How does serotonin relate to dopamine in schizophrenia theories?
Page 8
Answer
5-HT modulates dopamine pathways
30
Question
What is deficient in glutamate hypothesis for negative symptoms?
Page 8
Answer
NMDA-receptor activation