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Foundations of American Government
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1
Question
What is limited government?
Page 2
Answer
The government's power is restricted by laws; leaders can't do whatever they want.
2
Question
In limited government, why can't leaders act without restriction?
Page 2
Answer
Because the government's power is restricted by laws.
3
Question
What is federalism?
Page 2
Answer
Power shared between national and state governments.
4
Question
Under federalism, what do states handle according to the study guide?
Page 2
Answer
Schools.
5
Question
Under federalism, what does the federal government handle?
Page 2
Answer
Military.
6
Question
What is popular sovereignty?
Page 2
Answer
People are the source of government power (e.g., voting).
7
Question
What is an example of popular sovereignty?
Page 2
Answer
Voting.
8
Question
What is republicanism?
Page 2
Answer
People elect representatives to make decisions for them.
9
Question
What is separation of powers?
Page 2
Answer
Government divided into three branches—legislative, executive, judicial—to avoid abuse of power.
10
Question
What is the purpose of separation of powers?
Page 2
Answer
To avoid abuse of power.
11
Question
What are checks and balances?
Page 2
Answer
Each branch can limit the others (e.g., president can veto, Congress can override).
12
Question
Give an example of a check by the president on Congress.
Page 2
Answer
President can veto.
13
Question
Give an example of Congress checking the president.
Page 2
Answer
Congress can override a veto.
14
Question
What are individual rights?
Page 2
Answer
Freedoms the government must protect (e.g., speech, religion, fair trial).
15
Question
Name three examples of individual rights.
Page 2
Answer
• Speech • Religion • Fair trial
16
Question
What is the president's veto power?
Page 2
Answer
The president can reject a bill passed by Congress. Congress can override with 2/3 vote.
17
Question
How can Congress override a presidential veto?
Page 2
Answer
With a 2/3 vote.
18
Question
What are executive actions?
Page 2
Answer
Things the president does without Congress to run the government.
19
Question
What is an executive order?
Page 2
Answer
Formal instructions that act like law for federal agencies.
20
Question
What is a memorandum in executive actions?
Page 2
Answer
Less formal than executive orders; gives guidance or direct agencies.
21
Question
What are proclamations?
Page 2
Answer
Official statements, often symbolic or ceremonial.
22
Question
What is one check the president has on Congress regarding laws?
Page 2
Answer
Vetoing laws.
23
Question
How does the president propose laws to Congress?
Page 2
Answer
By calling special sessions of Congress.
24
Question
What check does the president have on the Supreme Court regarding convictions?
Page 2
Answer
Can pardon people convicted in federal courts.
25
Question
What does the president do with court decisions?
Page 2
Answer
Enforces court decisions.
26
Question
What is the significance of Trump v. USA to the executive branch?
Page 2
Answer
A major Supreme Court case about how much power the president has, especially with executive immunity and executive actions.
27
Question
What are the roles of the judicial branch?
Page 2
Answer
Interprets laws, decides if laws/actions are constitutional, settles disputes.
28
Question
What is precedent?
Page 2
Answer
A past court decision that guides future cases.
29
Question
What is a plaintiff?
Page 2
Answer
The person or group who brings a lawsuit.
30
Question
Where is a bill introduced in Congress?
Page 4
Answer
In the House or Senate.