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Cell Biology Quick Facts
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1
Question
What is responsible for controlling all of the cell's functions?
Page 1
Answer
Nucleus
2
Question
What organelle is responsible for digesting things in the cell?
Page 1
Answer
Lysosome
3
Question
Which organelle provides energy to the cell by producing ATP?
Page 1
Answer
Mitochondrion
4
Question
What are ribosomes responsible for in the cell?
Page 1
Answer
Protein synthesis
5
Question
Which organelle is responsible for making glucose through photosynthesis?
Page 1
Answer
Chloroplast
6
Question
What is responsible for absorbing water and nutrients in the cell?
Page 1
Answer
Root hair cells or vacuoles in context, but primarily cell membrane
7
Question
What structure is found on the outside of all cells and is responsible for providing support?
Page 1
Answer
Cell membrane
8
Question
Which macromolecule is the main structural component of the cell membrane's bilayer?
Page 1
Answer
Lipids (phospholipids)
9
Question
In a diagram of cells in different solutions, which shows a cell in an isotonic solution where water concentration is equal inside and outside?
Page 2
Answer
The cell maintains its shape with no net water movement
10
Question
Which diagram shows a cell in a hypertonic solution?
Page 2
Answer
The cell shrinks as water moves out
11
Question
Receptor proteins allow nutrients and waste materials to move in and out of the cell through what process?
Page 2
Answer
Facilitated diffusion
12
Question
What happens to an egg placed in a solution where water moves out by osmosis, but salt can cross while sugar cannot?
Page 2
Answer
The egg will shrink because of osmosis
13
Question
Why does an egg swell when placed in distilled water?
Page 2
Answer
Because of osmosis, water enters the egg
14
Question
What molecules are responsible for membrane transport?
Page 2
Answer
Proteins
15
Question
In an osmosis experiment with a balloon permeable to water but not sucrose in a 10% sucrose solution, what happens to the water?
Page 3
Answer
Water will leave the balloon
16
Question
What requires energy for transport across the membrane?
Page 3
Answer
Active transport
17
Question
What is equilibrium in diffusion?
Page 3
Answer
Equal concentration on both sides with no net movement
18
Question
What is endocytosis?
Page 3
Answer
The process in which a cell engulfs materials from outside
19
Question
What is exocytosis?
Page 3
Answer
The process where the cell expels materials by fusing vesicles with the membrane
20
Question
What does selectively permeable mean for a cell membrane?
Page 3
Answer
It allows some substances to pass while blocking others
21
Question
Diffusion uses energy from high to low concentration or equal?
Page 3
Answer
From high to low, no energy needed
22
Question
What provides a rigid structure that supports the cell membrane?
Page 3
Answer
Cell wall
23
Question
What stores water for the cell while keeping other materials out?
Page 3
Answer
Vacuole
24
Question
What delivers energy to the cell?
Page 3
Answer
Mitochondria
25
Question
Which organelle do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
Page 4
Answer
Chloroplast
26
Question
What process moves substances from areas of low concentration to high concentration?
Page 4
Answer
Active transport
27
Question
What is the process by which water passes in or out of a cell?
Page 4
Answer
Osmosis
28
Question
In a cell diagram, what is a receptor protein membrane structure?
Page 4
Answer
A protein that binds specific molecules like hormones
29
Question
What is an example of a channel protein in the cell membrane?
Page 4
Answer
A protein that forms a pore for substances to pass through
30
Question
What structure is involved in hormone binding to the cell?
Page 4
Answer
Receptor protein