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Japanese Essentials Flashcards
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1
Question
What is the typical word order in Japanese sentences?
Page 18
Answer
Subject-Object-Verb (SOV)
2
Question
How do particles function in Japanese grammar?
Page 18
Answer
Particles indicate the grammatical function of words, such as subject, object, or location, placed after nouns.
3
Question
What are the three types of scripts used in Japanese writing?
Page 18
Answer
Hiragana, katakana, and kanji
4
Question
What is the purpose of hiragana in Japanese?
Page 18
Answer
Used for native Japanese words, grammatical endings, and words without kanji
5
Question
What is the purpose of katakana in Japanese?
Page 18
Answer
Used for foreign loanwords, onomatopoeia, scientific terms, and emphasis
6
Question
What is the purpose of kanji in Japanese?
Page 18
Answer
Logographic characters borrowed from Chinese, representing ideas or words
7
Question
How many basic characters are in hiragana?
Page 18
Answer
46
8
Question
How many basic characters are in katakana?
Page 18
Answer
46
9
Question
What are the five basic vowels in Japanese pronunciation?
Page 19
Answer
あ (a), い (i), う (u), え (e), お (o)
10
Question
How is a long vowel indicated in Japanese?
Page 20
Answer
By repeating the vowel or using a macron (¯) in romaji, e.g., ā or aa
11
Question
Give examples of long vowels in Japanese words.
Page 20
Answer
おおきい (ōkii - big), てんき (tenki - weather, but long in context like あめ (ame - rain))
12
Question
How do you pronounce the consonant 'r' in Japanese?
Page 20
Answer
A flap between English 'l' and 'r', like a quick tap of the tongue
13
Question
What is the Japanese pronunciation of double consonants like in 'kitte'?
Page 20
Answer
A brief pause before the second consonant, like 'kit-te'
14
Question
How is the small tsu (っ) used in Japanese?
Page 20
Answer
Indicates a double consonant or glottal stop
15
Question
What is pitch accent in Japanese?
Page 22
Answer
High-low pitch patterns on syllables that distinguish word meanings
16
Question
How does pitch accent differ for 'hashi' meaning bridge vs. chopsticks?
Page 22
Answer
Bridge: low-high (ha-shi), chopsticks: high-low (ha-shi)
17
Question
What does 'おはようございます' mean?
Page 23
Answer
Good morning
18
Question
What does 'こんにちは' mean?
Page 23
Answer
Hello / Good afternoon
19
Question
What does 'こんばんは' mean?
Page 23
Answer
Good evening
20
Question
What does 'おやすみなさい' mean?
Page 23
Answer
Good night
21
Question
What does 'ありがとうございます' mean?
Page 23
Answer
Thank you (polite)
22
Question
What does 'すみません' mean?
Page 23
Answer
Excuse me / I'm sorry
23
Question
What is the Japanese word for 'book'?
Page 26
Answer
ほん (hon)
24
Question
What is the Japanese word for 'pen'?
Page 26
Answer
ペン (pen)
25
Question
What is the Japanese word for 'dictionary'?
Page 26
Answer
じしょ (jisho)
26
Question
What is the Japanese word for 'company'?
Page 26
Answer
かいしゃ (kaisha)
27
Question
What is the Japanese word for 'employee'?
Page 26
Answer
しゃいん (shain)
28
Question
What is the Japanese word for 'hospital'?
Page 26
Answer
びょういん (byōin)
29
Question
What is the Japanese word for 'America'?
Page 27
Answer
アメリカ (Amerika)
30
Question
What is the Japanese word for 'Japan'?
Page 27
Answer
にほん (Nihon)