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Brain Structure and Function Flashcards
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1
Question
What are lesions in the context of studying brain damage?
Page 1
Answer
Surgical removal or destruction of parts of the cortex to observe effects on behavior.
2
Question
What is ablation in brain research?
Page 1
Answer
Surgical removal of brain tissue to study behavioral effects.
3
Question
How do split-brain patients help study the brain?
Page 1
Answer
They allow separate study of the two hemispheres by severing the corpus callosum.
4
Question
What does EEG measure?
Page 1
Answer
Electrical activity of the brain through electrodes on the scalp.
5
Question
What is PET scan used for in brain imaging?
Page 1
Answer
Measures glucose metabolism in the brain to show active areas.
6
Question
What does MRI produce?
Page 1
Answer
Images of the brain's structure without surgery.
7
Question
What is fMRI particularly useful for?
Page 1
Answer
Producing images of the brain while a person is performing a task.
8
Question
What is the forebrain responsible for?
Page 2
Answer
Higher mental processes like decision making and perception of language.
9
Question
What percentage of brain weight does the cerebrum make up?
Page 2
Answer
80%.
10
Question
What are the three main parts of the hindbrain?
Page 2
Answer
Medulla, pons, reticular formation.
11
Question
What does the frontal lobe contain?
Page 2
Answer
Motor cortex, Broca's area, and association areas for planning and judgment.
12
Question
What is the role of the parietal lobe?
Page 2
Answer
Processes sensory information, especially long-term memory.
13
Question
What does the temporal lobe handle?
Page 2
Answer
Auditory cortex, Wernicke's area for language comprehension.
14
Question
What is the function of the occipital lobe?
Page 2
Answer
Visual cortex for processing visual information.
15
Question
What is the thalamus?
Page 2
Answer
The front of the brain that relays sensory and motor signals to the cortex.
16
Question
What does the hypothalamus control?
Page 2
Answer
Homeostasis, including hunger, thirst, body temperature, and hormone release.
17
Question
What is the amygdala's primary function?
Page 2
Answer
Processing emotions, especially fear.
18
Question
What role does the hippocampus play in memory?
Page 2
Answer
Forms new memories and connects them to emotions.
19
Question
What is Broca's area?
Page 3
Answer
Located in the left frontal lobe, responsible for speech production.
20
Question
What happens if Broca's area is damaged?
Page 3
Answer
Produces understandable speech after a stroke.
21
Question
What is Wernicke's area?
Page 3
Answer
In the left temporal lobe, responsible for language comprehension.
22
Question
What is the somatosensory cortex?
Page 3
Answer
In the parietal lobe, receives information about touch from the body.
23
Question
What are association areas?
Page 3
Answer
Areas of the cortex that integrate sensory information.
24
Question
What is the motor cortex?
Page 3
Answer
In the frontal lobe, controls voluntary movements.
25
Question
What does the auditory cortex process?
Page 3
Answer
Hearing and language.
26
Question
What is the visual cortex?
Page 3
Answer
In the occipital lobe, processes visual information.
27
Question
What are the parts of the limbic system?
Page 3
Answer
Amygdala and hippocampus functions.
28
Question
What does the medulla control?
Page 4
Answer
Heart rate, blood pressure, breathing.
29
Question
What is the role of the pons?
Page 4
Answer
Regulates breathing and facial expressions.
30
Question
What does the cerebellum coordinate?
Page 4
Answer
Balance, posture, and smooth coordinated movements.