/
AI Flashcards
Save to my account
Sign up
AI Flashcards
Cellular Energy Basics
Study
1
Question
What is the primary process by which cells obtain usable energy from glucose?
Page 1
Answer
Cellular respiration, breaking down glucose to release ATP
2
Question
What is the balanced chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?
Page 1
Answer
$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$
3
Question
What is the main purpose of cellular respiration in living cells?
Page 1
Answer
To produce ATP, the cell's primary energy currency
4
Question
How does ATP release energy for cellular use?
Page 1
Answer
By hydrolyzing a phosphate group to form ADP + Pi
5
Question
In which cellular compartment does glycolysis take place?
Page 1
Answer
Cytoplasm
6
Question
Does glycolysis require oxygen to proceed?
Page 1
Answer
No, it is anaerobic
7
Question
What is the net energy yield of glycolysis from one glucose molecule?
Page 1
Answer
2 ATP
8
Question
What are the main products of glycolysis besides ATP?
Page 1
Answer
2 pyruvate and 2 NADH
9
Question
What serves as the end product of glycolysis that enters the next stage?
Page 1
Answer
Pyruvate
10
Question
Where does the Krebs Cycle occur within the cell?
Page 1
Answer
Mitochondrial matrix
11
Question
What must happen to pyruvate before it enters the Krebs Cycle?
Page 1
Answer
It is converted to acetyl-CoA
12
Question
How many times does the Krebs Cycle turn for each glucose molecule processed?
Page 1
Answer
Twice
13
Question
What is the direct ATP yield from the Krebs Cycle per glucose?
Page 1
Answer
2 ATP
14
Question
What high-energy electron carriers are primarily produced in the Krebs Cycle?
Page 1
Answer
6 NADH and 2 FADH₂
15
Question
What waste product is released during the Krebs Cycle?
Page 1
Answer
CO₂
16
Question
What is the main purpose of the Krebs Cycle in cellular respiration?
Page 1
Answer
To generate high-energy electron carriers for the ETC
17
Question
Where does the Electron Transport Chain take place in the mitochondrion?
Page 2
Answer
Inner mitochondrial membrane (cristae)
18
Question
How do NADH and FADH₂ contribute to the Electron Transport Chain?
Page 2
Answer
They donate electrons to the chain
19
Question
What process in the ETC creates the proton gradient for ATP synthesis?
Page 2
Answer
Electrons moving through proteins pump H⁺ ions into the intermembrane space
20
Question
How does ATP synthase generate ATP during the ETC?
Page 2
Answer
Through chemiosmosis, using the flow of H⁺ ions
21
Question
What is the role of oxygen in the Electron Transport Chain?
Page 2
Answer
Final electron acceptor, combining with H⁺ to form water
22
Question
What is the approximate ATP yield from the Electron Transport Chain per glucose?
Page 2
Answer
32–34 ATP
23
Question
What is the total ATP yield from complete aerobic respiration of one glucose?
Page 2
Answer
36–38 ATP
24
Question
How much ATP does glycolysis contribute to the total yield?
Page 2
Answer
2 ATP
25
Question
How much ATP does the Krebs Cycle contribute to the total yield?
Page 2
Answer
2 ATP
26
Question
What occurs when oxygen is unavailable during cellular respiration?
Page 2
Answer
Anaerobic respiration via fermentation after glycolysis
27
Question
Where does fermentation take place in the cell?
Page 2
Answer
Cytoplasm
28
Question
What is the primary role of fermentation in metabolism?
Page 2
Answer
To regenerate NAD⁺ for continued glycolysis
29
Question
What is the ATP yield from anaerobic respiration per glucose?
Page 2
Answer
2 ATP
30
Question
What byproduct does fermentation produce in human muscle cells?
Page 2
Answer
Lactic acid