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Sociology Functionalism And Conflict Essentials
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1
Question
What is the main assumption of functionalism?
Page 1
Answer
Society is a system that runs smoothly due to social structures working together.
2
Question
How does functionalism view humans?
Page 1
Answer
Humans as passive and analyzed on a macro level.
3
Question
What is the core idea of the conflict approach?
Page 1
Answer
Society as a competition where inequality brings change.
4
Question
How does the conflict approach view humans?
Page 1
Answer
Humans as active and analyzed on a macro level.
5
Question
What is interactionism also known as?
Page 1
Answer
Social constructionism or interpretative approach.
6
Question
How does interactionism view society?
Page 1
Answer
Groups of people participating in meaning-making and interacting based on those meanings.
7
Question
How does interactionism view humans?
Page 1
Answer
Humans as active and analyzed on micro and meso levels.
8
Question
What is the rational choice theory's view of society?
Page 1
Answer
Society made up of individuals making decisions based on costs and benefits analysis.
9
Question
How does rational choice view humans?
Page 1
Answer
Humans as rational and analyzed on micro and meso levels.
10
Question
What metaphor is used for society in functionalism?
Page 2
Answer
A human body where parts work together like organs for homeostasis.
11
Question
What level of analysis does functionalism focus on?
Page 2
Answer
Macro-level organizations and patterns in human behavior.
12
Question
What key question does functionalism ask?
Page 2
Answer
What is the function of the given social phenomenon?
13
Question
Who is the founder of functionalism?
Page 2
Answer
Emile Durkheim.
14
Question
What did Durkheim argue about societal institutions?
Page 2
Answer
They exist to maintain stability and functionality of society.
15
Question
Why do individuals conform to societal rules according to Durkheim?
Page 2
Answer
Because of their attachment to the values of a group.
16
Question
What did Durkheim demonstrate through his study on suicides?
Page 2
Answer
The importance of social facts that bind people in societies.
17
Question
What is egoistic suicide?
Page 2
Answer
Occurs when individuals are weakly integrated into society, e.g., people living alone.
18
Question
What is altruistic suicide?
Page 2
Answer
Occurs when individuals are overly integrated and die for the group, e.g., suicide bombers.
19
Question
What is anomic suicide?
Page 2
Answer
Occurs due to lack of regulation during rapid changes, e.g., economic crises.
20
Question
What is fatalistic suicide?
Page 2
Answer
Occurs in situations of excessive regulation, e.g., prisoners or slaves.
21
Question
Who created the framework distinguishing manifest and latent functions?
Page 2
Answer
Robert Merton.
22
Question
What is a manifest function?
Page 2
Answer
The intended and recognized consequence of a social phenomenon on the social system.
23
Question
What is an example of a manifest function of going to university?
Page 2
Answer
Receiving a diploma.
24
Question
What is a latent function?
Page 2
Answer
An unintended and unrecognized consequence of a social phenomenon on the social system.
25
Question
What is an example of a latent function of going to university?
Page 2
Answer
Meeting people at networking events leading to better job offers.
26
Question
What is a dysfunction?
Page 2
Answer
A type of latent function that is an unintended and negative consequence.
27
Question
What is an example of a dysfunction of going to university?
Page 3
Answer
Ruin health due to excessive partying and substance use.
28
Question
Who viewed society as a system of interrelated parts?
Page 3
Answer
Talcott Parsons.
29
Question
What is the AGIL model developed by Parsons?
Page 3
Answer
Four essential functions: Adaptation, Goal Attainment, Integration, Latency.
30
Question
What is Adaptation in AGIL?
Page 3
Answer
Meeting material needs, securing and distributing resources.