/
AI Flashcards
Save to my account
Sign up
AI Flashcards
Ancient Athens Key Facts
Study
1
Question
What was the Acropolis in ancient Athens?
Page 1
Answer
The fortified citadel serving as the city's core.
2
Question
Where was ancient Athens located geographically?
Page 1
Answer
On the Attica peninsula, 5 km from the sea with Piraeus as its port.
3
Question
During which period did kings rule Athens?
Page 1
Answer
From the 14th to 8th century BC.
4
Question
What did King Theseus achieve in Attica?
Page 1
Answer
United the settlements of Attica.
5
Question
How did Theseus reorganize Athenian society?
Page 1
Answer
Divided the population into three occupational groups, breaking tribal organization.
6
Question
What were the three occupational groups under Theseus?
Page 1
Answer
Aristocrats (eupatrids), farmers (georgoi), and craftsmen (demiourgoi).
7
Question
When did the Athenian monarchy end?
Page 1
Answer
In the 8th century BC.
8
Question
Who led Athens after the monarchy ended?
Page 1
Answer
The aristocracy, selecting archons from their ranks.
9
Question
How did the number of archons evolve in Athens?
Page 1
Answer
From 1 to 3, then to 9 archons.
10
Question
What were the term lengths for archons over time?
Page 1
Answer
Initially lifetime, then 10 years, finally 1 year.
11
Question
What council was formed from former archons?
Page 1
Answer
The Areopagus, an aristocratic council of elders.
12
Question
When did Greek colonization begin?
Page 1
Answer
From the 8th century BC.
13
Question
How did colonization impact Athenian aristocracy?
Page 1
Answer
Reduced their economic and political power through cheap grain imports.
14
Question
What new social layer emerged due to trade boom?
Page 1
Answer
Industrialists, merchants, and shipowners advocating legal equality.
15
Question
How did military organization change in Athens?
Page 1
Answer
Cavalry declined; heavy infantry (hoplites) and naval fleet became dominant.
16
Question
What were the main goals of the strengthened demos?
Page 1
Answer
Abolish debt slavery, achieve legal equality, and codify laws.
17
Question
What is a polis?
Page 1
Answer
An independent city-state in ancient Greece.
18
Question
What is aristocracy in ancient Athens?
Page 1
Answer
Rule by the noble elite, eupatrids.
19
Question
What is demos?
Page 1
Answer
The common people or free citizens excluding aristocrats.
20
Question
What is democracy?
Page 1
Answer
Rule by the people, originating in Athens.
21
Question
What was the people's assembly in Athens?
Page 1
Answer
Ekklesia, where citizens voted on major issues.
22
Question
What is a strategos?
Page 1
Answer
Military general elected to lead Athenian forces.
23
Question
What is ostrakismos?
Page 1
Answer
Exile by vote using pottery shards to banish threats to democracy.
24
Question
What is a phalanx?
Page 1
Answer
Tight formation of hoplite infantry in battle.
25
Question
What is a slave in ancient Athens?
Page 1
Answer
Unfree laborer with economic but limited rights.
26
Question
What is citizenship in Athens?
Page 1
Answer
Full political rights for free adult males of Athenian parentage.
27
Question
Who was Cleisthenes?
Page 1
Answer
Reformer who established territorial democracy in 508 BC.
28
Question
Who was Pericles?
Page 1
Answer
Leader during Athens' golden age, strategos for 15 years.
29
Question
Who was Alexander the Great?
Page 1
Answer
Macedonian conqueror who spread Hellenism.
30
Question
What spans the ancient period chronologically?
Page 1
Answer
From c. 3000 BC to 476 AD.