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Atomic Theory and Subatomic Particles Essentials
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Atomic Theory and Subatomic Particles Essentials
Atomic Theory and Subatomic Particles Essentials
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1
Question
What is the origin of the word 'atom'?
Page 1
Answer
Derived from Greek word 'a-tomio' meaning 'uncut-able' or 'non-divisible'
2
Question
Who proposed the atomic theory on a firm scientific basis in 1808?
Page 1
Answer
John Dalton
3
Question
What did Dalton's atomic theory regard the atom as?
Page 1
Answer
The ultimate particle of matter
4
Question
Which law did Dalton's theory explain successfully?
Page 1
Answer
Law of conservation of mass
5
Question
What is another law explained by Dalton's atomic theory?
Page 1
Answer
Law of constant composition
6
Question
What third law was explained by Dalton's atomic theory?
Page 1
Answer
Law of multiple proportions
7
Question
What experiment showed substances like glass can get electrically charged?
Page 1
Answer
Rubbing glass or ebonite with silk or fur
8
Question
What are atoms made of according to early twentieth-century experiments?
Page 1
Answer
Sub-atomic particles: electrons, protons, and neutrons
9
Question
What basic rule governs charged particles' behavior?
Page 2
Answer
Like charges repel each other; unlike charges attract
10
Question
Who showed electricity's particulate nature in 1830?
Page 2
Answer
Michael Faraday
11
Question
What is a cathode ray tube?
Page 2
Answer
Glass tube with electrodes for electrical discharge in low-pressure gases
12
Question
What are cathode rays?
Page 2
Answer
Stream of particles moving from cathode (negative) to anode (positive)
13
Question
How were cathode rays detected?
Page 2
Answer
By their glow on phosphorescent material like zinc sulphide
14
Question
In what direction do cathode rays travel without fields?
Page 2
Answer
In straight lines
15
Question
How do cathode rays behave in electric or magnetic fields?
Page 2
Answer
Similar to negatively charged particles
16
Question
What do cathode rays consist of?
Page 2
Answer
Negatively charged particles called electrons
17
Question
Do characteristics of cathode rays depend on electrode material or gas?
Page 2
Answer
No, they are the same regardless
18
Question
What conclusion from cathode ray experiments about electrons?
Page 2
Answer
Electrons are basic constituents of all atoms
19
Question
Who measured the charge to mass ratio of electron in 1897?
Page 3
Answer
J.J. Thomson
20
Question
What is the charge to mass ratio of electron (e/m_e)?
Page 3
Answer
1.758820 × 10^11 C kg^{-1}
21
Question
What factors affect deflection of electrons in fields?
Page 3
Answer
Magnitude of charge, mass of particle, and field strength
22
Question
What is the charge on an electron?
Page 3
Answer
-1.602176 × 10^{-19} C
23
Question
Who devised the oil drop experiment?
Page 3
Answer
R.A. Millikan (1906-1914)
24
Question
What is the mass of an electron (m_e)?
Page 3
Answer
9.1094 × 10^{-31} kg
25
Question
How are canal rays produced?
Page 4
Answer
By electrical discharge in modified cathode ray tube
26
Question
What depends on the nature of gas in canal rays?
Page 4
Answer
Mass of positively charged particles
27
Question
What is the charge to mass ratio of canal ray particles?
Page 4
Answer
Depends on the originating gas
28
Question
What charge do some canal ray particles carry?
Page 4
Answer
Multiple of the fundamental unit of electrical charge
29
Question
How do canal rays behave in fields compared to cathode rays?
Page 4
Answer
Opposite deflection due to positive charge
30
Question
What is the lightest positive ion from hydrogen?
Page 4
Answer
Proton