/
AI Flashcards
Save to my account
Sign up
AI Flashcards
TEMA 2 - QUEMADURAS
Study
1
Question
What are the key points for referring a burn patient to a regional burn center?
Answer
Follow criteria from the American Burn Association (ABA).
2
Question
Should prophylactic antibiotics be administered to burn patients except for tetanus vaccine?
Answer
No, only tetanus vaccine should be given prophylactically.
3
Question
What improves outcomes in full-thickness and deep partial-thickness burns?
Answer
Early excision and grafting.
4
Question
For burn patients with >20% TBSA (or >15% in children), what should guide fluid resuscitation?
Answer
Target mean arterial pressure (MAP) >60 mm Hg and adequate urine output.
5
Question
What interdisciplinary team is involved in burn care?
Answer
Surgeons, burn nurses, therapists, and other healthcare specialists.
6
Question
Why is it crucial for general surgeons to handle burn patients in mass casualty events?
Answer
Health systems can be overwhelmed quickly by large numbers of burn victims.
7
Question
What historical advances improved burn prognosis?
Answer
Fluid resuscitation and early burn wound excision.
8
Question
What shift in priorities has the ABA emphasized in burn care?
Answer
Focus on functional and psychological outcomes alongside survival.
9
Question
What guides transfer of burn patients to specialized centers?
Answer
Specific criteria after early stabilization (see Table 8-1).
10
Question
What has the ABA published to ensure burn center quality?
Answer
Standards of care and a verification process.
11
Question
How do prehospital safety measures affect burn patient transport?
Page 1
Answer
Patients are referred to distant regional burn centers without impacting long-term outcomes.
12
Question
What are the ABA guidelines for burn center transfer?
Page 1
Answer
Partial-thickness burns >10% TBSA; burns to face, hands, feet, genitals, perineum, major joints; third-degree burns; electrical/chemical burns; inhalation injury; burns with pre-existing conditions; burns with trauma where burn is major risk; pediatric burns in non-qualified hospitals; burns needing special intervention.
13
Question
What is the first priority in initial burn patient evaluation?
Page 1
Answer
Airway management to prevent rapid edema from thermal injury.
14
Question
What signs indicate impending respiratory compromise in burn patients?
Page 1
Answer
Hoarseness, wheezing, stridor, or subjective dyspnea.
15
Question
Do perioral burns or singed nasal hairs alone indicate upper airway injury?
Page 1
Answer
No, but they warrant further oral and pharyngeal evaluation for mucosal lesions.
16
Question
What is the preferred method for securing the airway in burn patients?
Page 1
Answer
Orotracheal intubation.
17
Question
When might nasotracheal intubation be useful in burn patients?
Page 1
Answer
In patients with associated facial trauma, if performed by experienced clinicians and oral intubation is not feasible.
18
Question
How are burn patients evaluated for other injuries?
Page 1
Answer
Using Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) primary survey.
19
Question
What IV access is ideal for major burns (>40% TBSA)?
Page 1
Answer
Two large-bore peripheral IV catheters.
20
Question
Is IV access through burned skin safe and effective?
Page 1
Answer
Yes, but requires careful securing of catheters.
21
Question
When should central venous or intraosseous access be considered in burns?
Page 1
Answer
When peripheral access is difficult to obtain.
22
Question
For minor burns (<15% TBSA), is IV resuscitation always needed?
Page 1
Answer
Rarely; oral hydration is usually sufficient.
23
Question
What access might pediatric burn patients (>15% TBSA) need in emergencies?
Page 1
Answer
Intraosseous (IO) if venous access fails.
24
Question
When should a thorough secondary survey be done in burn patients?
Page 1
Answer
Early, especially if there's a history of mechanical trauma like MVCs.
25
Question
How to prevent hypothermia in burn patients during evaluation?
Page 1
Answer
Cover with clean blankets; avoid cooling in moderate/large burns (>20% TBSA).
26
Question
Should prophylactic antibiotics be given to acute burn patients?
Page 1
Answer
No, it promotes fungal and resistant infections; abandoned since mid-1980s.
27
Question
What tetanus prophylaxis is given in the ED for burn patients?
Page 1
Answer
Tetanus booster based on immunization status.
28
Question
Why is pain management important in burn care?
Page 2
Answer
Recognized as a priority over the last 25 years to improve patient experience.
29
Question
How to manage opioids in burn patients amid the opioid crisis?
Page 2
Answer
Use responsibly with multimodal pain control and a tapering plan from the start.
30
Question
What should be set with burn patients regarding pain medications?
Page 2
Answer
Clear expectations on usage to limit morbidity.