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Botanical Fruit and Medicinal Seeds
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Botanical Fruit and Medicinal Seeds
Botanical Fruit and Medicinal Seeds
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1
Question
What is a fruit in botanical terms?
Page 3
Answer
Developed ovary or ovaries of a single flower or whole inflorescence
2
Question
What does a fruit usually contain?
Page 3
Answer
Mature seeds
3
Question
What is the primary function of a fruit?
Page 3
Answer
Protection and nourishing the seed
4
Question
What is the exocarp of a fruit?
Page 3
Answer
Skin
5
Question
What is the mesocarp of a fruit?
Page 3
Answer
Fleshy tissue between exocarp and endocarp
6
Question
What is the endocarp of a fruit?
Page 3
Answer
Inner boundary around seed(s)
7
Question
What are the three regions of a fruit collectively called?
Page 3
Answer
Pericarp
8
Question
What is the origin of fennel?
Page 4
Answer
Dried ripe fruits of Foeniculum vulgare
9
Question
What type of stomata are found in the epicarp of fennel?
Page 4
Answer
Anomocytic stomata
10
Question
What secretory structures are in the mesocarp of fennel?
Page 4
Answer
Schizogenous secretory ducts
11
Question
What arrangement of cells is in the endocarp of fennel?
Page 4
Answer
Elongated parquetry arrangement cells
12
Question
What is the main active constituent in fennel?
Page 4
Answer
Volatile oil containing anethole and fenchone
13
Question
What is the primary action of fennel?
Page 4
Answer
Agreeable aromatic and carminative
14
Question
What is the origin of anise fruit?
Page 5
Answer
Dried ripe fruits of Pimpinella anisum
15
Question
What structure is at the top of the cremocarp in anise fruit?
Page 5
Answer
Short bifurcate stylopod with 5 primary ridges
16
Question
What type of stomata are in the epicarp of anise fruit?
Page 5
Answer
Anomocytic stomata
17
Question
What is the main volatile oil component in anise?
Page 5
Answer
Anethole
18
Question
What other compounds result from oxidation in anise oil?
Page 5
Answer
Anisic aldehyde and anisic acid
19
Question
What is a key action of anise?
Page 5
Answer
Aromatic and carminative
20
Question
What is a common use of anise oil?
Page 5
Answer
Flavoring agent
21
Question
What is the origin of Ammi visnaga?
Page 6
Answer
Dried ripe fruits of Ammi visnaga
22
Question
What is a key active constituent in Ammi visnaga?
Page 6
Answer
Bitter principles including khellin
23
Question
How does Ammi visnaga affect smooth muscles?
Page 6
Answer
Relaxes smooth muscles and lowers ureter tonicity
24
Question
What is a primary use of Ammi visnaga for kidney issues?
Page 6
Answer
Eases passage of kidney calculi
25
Question
What cardiovascular effect does Ammi visnaga have?
Page 6
Answer
Coronary vasodilator
26
Question
What conditions has Ammi visnaga been used for besides kidneys?
Page 6
Answer
Angina pectoris and bronchial asthma
27
Question
What drawback is associated with Ammi visnaga use?
Page 6
Answer
Undesirable side effects
28
Question
What is the origin of Ammi majus?
Page 6
Answer
Dried ripe fruits of Ammi majus
29
Question
What is the main active constituent in Ammi majus?
Page 6
Answer
Bitter principle ammoidin
30
Question
What skin condition is Ammi majus used to treat?
Page 6
Answer
Leucodermia