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Understanding Self and Personality
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1
Question
What is self-understanding?
Page 1
Answer
Essential to understand behaviors and beliefs.
2
Question
Why is self-understanding important for success?
Page 1
Answer
It provides sense of purpose, healthier relationships, harness natural strengths, and confidence.
3
Question
What is the origin of the word 'personality'?
Page 1
Answer
From Latin 'persona' meaning 'to sound through', referring to theatrical masks.
4
Question
How is personality defined?
Page 1
Answer
Relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics; overall pattern of a person’s structure.
5
Question
What are the determinants of personality?
Page 1
Answer
Environmental factors, biological factors, situational factors, cultural factors.
6
Question
What are environmental factors in personality?
Page 1
Answer
Surroundings.
7
Question
What are biological factors in personality?
Page 1
Answer
Physical features.
8
Question
What are situational factors in personality?
Page 1
Answer
Situations that alter behavior and response, e.g., an accident changing someone's mood.
9
Question
What are cultural factors in personality?
Page 1
Answer
Major determinant; culture.
10
Question
What do personality traits imply?
Page 1
Answer
Consistency and stability.
11
Question
What is the Five Factor Model?
Page 1
Answer
Most widely used system of traits: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism (OCEAN).
12
Question
What is Openness in the Five Factor Model?
Page 1
Answer
Appreciate new things.
13
Question
What is Conscientiousness in the Five Factor Model?
Page 1
Answer
Tendency to be careful; self-discipline, orderliness, self-efficacy.
14
Question
What is Extraversion in the Five Factor Model?
Page 1
Answer
Sociable, energized by social interaction.
15
Question
What is Agreeableness in the Five Factor Model?
Page 1
Answer
Tendency to agree and go along with others.
16
Question
What is Neuroticism in the Five Factor Model?
Page 1
Answer
Always experiencing negative emotions.
17
Question
What is self-concept?
Page 1
Answer
Understanding of who you are as a person.
18
Question
What is self-understanding?
Page 1
Answer
Act of looking deeper into yourself.
19
Question
What are the three parts of self-concept?
Page 1
Answer
Individual self, relational self, collective self.
20
Question
What is the individual self?
Page 1
Answer
Traits that differentiate us from others.
21
Question
What is the relational self?
Page 1
Answer
Relationships with others.
22
Question
What is the collective self?
Page 1
Answer
Membership in social groups.
23
Question
What is Socrates' view on the self?
Page 1
Answer
Self-knowledge (knowing ourself).
24
Question
What method did Socrates use?
Page 1
Answer
Socratic method – technique to always question.
25
Question
What are Socrates' two realms?
Page 1
Answer
Physical realm (changeable, imperfect, temporal); Ideal realm (perfect, unchanging, eternal, immortal).
26
Question
What is Plato's view on the self?
Page 1
Answer
Soul is ourself; the self is the ‘knower’; idea of the 3 part self.
27
Question
What is the composition of the human person according to Plato?
Page 1
Answer
Body (destructible) and soul (indestructible).
28
Question
What are Plato's three parts of the self?
Page 1
Answer
Rational soul (head, think/reflect), Spiritual soul (chest, emotions), Appetite soul (abdomen, physical needs).
29
Question
What is St. Augustine's view on the self?
Page 1
Answer
Self influenced by religious belief; ideas greatly Platonic.
30
Question
What are St. Augustine's two realms?
Page 1
Answer
God as source of reality and truth; sinfulness of man (too much freedom without consequences).