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Philippine Literature under Colonial Rule
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1
Question
What requirement did U.S. colonialism impose for leadership in the Philippines?
Page 1
Answer
Education, which favored the wealthy Filipino native elite
2
Question
When did U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaim the end of the Philippine insurrection?
Page 1
Answer
July 4, 1902
3
Question
What did the Brigandage Act of 1902 classify Filipino guerrillas as?
Page 1
Answer
Bandits (bandoleros), punishable by death or long imprisonment
4
Question
What was the purpose of the Reconcentration Act of 1903?
Page 1
Answer
Resettle rural residents to fixed places to deprive guerrillas of cover
5
Question
What penalties did the Sedition Law of 1901 impose on advocates of Philippine independence?
Page 1
Answer
Death penalty or prolonged imprisonment
6
Question
What did the Flag Law of 1907 prohibit?
Page 1
Answer
Display of flags or emblems associated with the Katipunan and the Republic
7
Question
How did the end of Spanish colonialism affect the printing press in the Philippines?
Page 1
Answer
Freed it from religious censorship
8
Question
Name one Tagalog newspaper from the early 1900s that published literary pieces.
Page 1
Answer
Muling Pagsilang (Rebirth, 1903)
9
Question
What was the sarsuwela in Philippine theater under U.S. colonialism?
Page 1
Answer
A new form portraying scenes from Philippine life
10
Question
Why was the komedya relegated to provinces during U.S. rule?
Page 1
Answer
It focused on foreigners and remote times, less relevant to colonial realities
11
Question
What literary device, introduced from medieval Europe, was used in Philippine plays?
Page 1
Answer
Allegory, to bring abstract messages to life through human characters
12
Question
What is the main theme of Juan Abad's play Tanikalang Guinto?
Page 1
Answer
Lovers fighting for freedom and Filipino identity
13
Question
What was the purpose of Aurelio Tolentino's play Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas?
Page 1
Answer
To remind Filipinos of the Revolution and support guerrillas
14
Question
How was Tolentino's Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas received by American authorities?
Page 1
Answer
Met with violent suppression by the military
15
Question
What themes did Spanish poets like Fernando Ma. Guerrero incorporate?
Page 1
Answer
Rizal, the Revolution, and Americanization
16
Question
Who was Jose Corazon de Jesus, known as Batute?
Page 1
Answer
A prominent Filipino poet of passionate love poems and anti-colonial sentiments
17
Question
How did U.S. colonizers avoid Spain's mistakes in language policy?
Page 2
Answer
Introduced English as the medium of instruction instead of banning Filipino languages
18
Question
What was the role of the University of the Philippines, established in 1908?
Page 2
Answer
Trained Filipinos for colonial bureaucracy, producing an English-writing intelligentsia
19
Question
When did early Philippine literature in English gain wider recognition?
Page 2
Answer
In the 1920s, with writers like Jose Garcia Villa
20
Question
Why did sarsuwela decline in popularity?
Page 2
Answer
Rise of movies and vaudeville
21
Question
What characterized Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero's plays?
Page 2
Answer
Witty and satirical depictions of Filipino society
22
Question
Who were key figures in early English poetry anthologies?
Page 2
Answer
Rodolfo Dato, Pablo Laslo, and Carlos Bulosan, with Jose Garcia Villa standing out
23
Question
What themes did short stories by Arturo B. Rotor and Manuel E. Arguilla capture?
Page 2
Answer
Everyday Filipino life
24
Question
What conflict does Juan C. Laya's novel His Native Soil (1941) explore?
Page 2
Answer
Tensions between Americanized Filipinos and traditional provincial life
25
Question
What was the goal of Panitikan, founded by Alejandro G. Abadilla and Clodualdo del Mundo?
Page 2
Answer
To modernize Tagalog literature
26
Question
What does the 'Euro-Hispanic' tradition refer to in Philippine literature?
Page 2
Answer
Cultural heritage from Spanish colonialism, including forms, theory, and themes from Spanish and West European literatures
27
Question
Who was the most acclaimed Euro-Hispanic playwright?
Page 2
Answer
Severino Reyes (1861-1942)
28
Question
What originated the sarsuwela form that Severino Reyes adapted?
Page 2
Answer
Spanish musical theater depicting contemporary life in the 18th century
29
Question
How did Lope K. Santos's novel Banaag at Sikat reflect social consciousness?
Page 3
Answer
Responded to economic hardships after the 1929 Great Crash
30
Question
What did Benigno R. Ramos use his publication Sakdal for?
Page 3
Answer
To voice struggles of the oppressed and challenge colonial authority