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Clinical Pharmacology
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Clinical Pharmacology
Clinical Pharmacology
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1
Question
A 6-week-old preterm baby with a machine-like murmur: which drug can dilate the ductus arteriosus while awaiting surgical ligation?
Answer
Alprostadil
2
Question
Which drug is most appropriate for treating Celine Dion’s Stiff-Person Syndrome?
Answer
Midazolam
3
Question
What is the mechanism of action of lidocaine?
Answer
Blockage of voltage-gated Na+ channels
4
Question
Postpartum patient with urinary retention improved by catheterization; which drug would help with bladder emptying?
Answer
Bethanechol
5
Question
Which drug is NOT included in the chemotherapy regimen for testicular germ cell tumors?
Answer
Cyclophosphamide
6
Question
What variable is needed to calculate the loading dose of lidocaine?
Answer
Renal clearance
7
Question
Which antipsychotic may present with the same adverse effects as haloperidol?
Answer
Fluphenazine
8
Question
A patient on a drug E who develops TB and rifampicin is added: what is expected?
Answer
Lower therapeutic effect of Drug E
9
Question
Malaria drug causing tinnitus and visual disturbance: what best describes its action?
Answer
Acts by forming a complex with DNA to prevent strand separation (quinine)
10
Question
Theophylline has which pharmacokinetic property?
Answer
Metabolism depends on the age of the patient
11
Question
An elderly patient on cisplatin experiences severe nausea; which antiemetic is best?
Answer
Ondansetron
12
Question
A 50-year-old alcoholic with ring sideroblasts: which agent helps his condition?
Answer
Vitamin B6
13
Question
Young female with recurrent migraines: which receptor agonist activity is best target for new treatment?
Answer
5-HT1
14
Question
A depressed patient stops fluoxetine due to side effects; which adverse effect is likely?
Answer
Sexual dysfunction
15
Question
Botulinum toxin causes paralysis by:
Answer
Blocking release of acetylcholine from storage vesicles
16
Question
What class of drugs are used as the DOC for acute migraine attacks and act as 5-HT1D receptor agonists?
Answer
Triptans (5-HT1D receptor agonists)
17
Question
Which drug class is associated with 5-HT2 receptor agonists used for migraines, though not preferred when ergotamine provides no relief?
Answer
5-HT2 receptor agonists (ergotamine)
18
Question
What receptor targets are involved in antiemetic drugs like ondansetron and dolasteron?
Answer
5-HT3 receptors
19
Question
Which drug is a 5-HT4 partial agonist used for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation?
Answer
Tegaserod
20
Question
In a patient with Major Depressive Disorder who stopped fluoxetine due to side effects, which adverse effect is most likely?
Answer
Sexual dysfunction
21
Question
What is the MOA of SSRIs like fluoxetine?
Answer
Inhibit serotonin reuptake via SERT
22
Question
Name a major adverse effect of SSRIs that contributes to noncompliance.
Answer
Sexual dysfunction
23
Question
Which mechanism explains botulinum toxin–induced paralysis?
Answer
Blocking release of acetylcholine from storage vesicles
24
Question
Which diuretic is first-line for metabolic alkalosis in critical care and what does it inhibit?
Answer
Acetazolamide; inhibits carbonic anhydrase
25
Question
What adverse effect is associated with intravenous administration of acetazolamide?
Answer
Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
26
Question
Bleomycin toxicity is primarily associated with which organ system?
Answer
Pulmonary system (pulmonary fibrosis/pneumonitis)
27
Question
Which agent is contraindicated with magnesium sulfate in severe status asthmaticus due to toxicity risk?
Answer
Respiratory depression (magnesium toxicity)
28
Question
Which diuretic is most appropriate for treating metabolic alkalosis in a patient with edema?
Answer
Acetazolamide
29
Question
Which benzodiazepine is preferred for alcohol withdrawal?
Answer
Chlordiazepoxide
30
Question
Typical high-potency antipsychotics are contraindicated in which concomitant disease due to worsened motor symptoms?
Answer
Parkinson’s disease