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Game Theory and MDA Essentials
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1
Question
What is game theory primarily about?
Answer
Strategic decision-making to maximize payoffs in interdependent situations
2
Question
Define a strategy in game theory.
Answer
A complete plan of actions that cannot be altered by opponents or chance within the rules
3
Question
What is the difference between finite and infinite strategies?
Answer
Finite: limited number of strategies; Infinite: unlimited options
4
Question
What is a symmetrical game?
Answer
Payoffs depend on the combination of strategies, not on who plays which player
5
Question
What distinguishes simultaneous games from sequential games?
Answer
Simultaneous: moves made at the same time; Sequential: moves follow in order with possible knowledge of previous actions
6
Question
What is perfect information in a game?
Answer
All players know the moves made by all other players throughout the game
7
Question
What characterizes imperfect information in game theory?
Answer
Most games studied involve hidden information or uncertainty about others’ moves
8
Question
What is a payoff matrix used for?
Answer
To display outcomes based on each player’s choice pairs
9
Question
How is a normal form game typically presented?
Answer
Players act simultaneously or without knowing others’ actions
10
Question
What is a Prisoner’s Dilemma illustrating in game theory?
Answer
A tension between individual rationality and collective benefit
11
Question
What is an extensive form game?
Answer
A game represented by a decision tree showing sequential moves
12
Question
What is the zero-sum condition?
Answer
One player's gain is exactly another's loss; total payoffs sum to zero
13
Question
What is non-zero-sum in game theory?
Answer
Total payoffs can rise with cooperation; multiple players can gain
14
Question
What is a payoff in a game?
Answer
The reward or utility a player receives from an end-state
15
Question
What does Nash equilibrium describe?
Answer
A strategy profile where no player benefits from changing their choice unilaterally
16
Question
What is the difference between pure and mixed strategies?
Answer
Pure: single chosen strategy; Mixed: probabilistic combination of strategies
17
Question
What is meant by complete information in a game?
Answer
All players know all strategies and payoffs of others
18
Question
What is meant by incomplete information in a game?
Answer
Players may not know all payoffs or strategies of others
19
Question
What is the key idea of the foundation in game design?
Answer
Making decisions that maximize payoff under given rules and knowledge
20
Question
What are the core elements listed in the foundational slide (players, rules, consequences, payoffs)?
Answer
Players, rules, consequences, payoffs
21
Question
What does the term ‘game theory’ encompass today?
Answer
Broad study of logical decision making in humans, animals, and computers
22
Question
What is meant by a strategic situation?
Answer
A scenario where actions of one player affect others’ outcomes
23
Question
What does the MDA framework stand for in game design?
Answer
Mechanics, Dynamics, and Aesthetics
24
Question
In MDA, what are Mechanics?
Answer
The rules of the game
25
Question
In MDA, what are Dynamics?
Answer
The rules in motion
26
Question
In MDA, what are Aesthetics?
Answer
The feelings created by dynamics
27
Question
What is meant by making activity meaningful in game design?
Answer
Providing a context for players to know their choices and see their impact
28
Question
What is the core purpose of the MDA framework?
Answer
Bridge design, development, criticism, and research of games
29
Question
What does it mean for a game to have meaningful play?
Answer
Player choices affect the game state in recognizable ways
30
Question
What is the relationship between actions and outcomes in meaningful play?
Answer
Actions produce outcomes that shape future play