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Mitosis Meiosis Sexual and Asexual Reproduction Review
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1
Question
What does mitosis produce in terms of cells and genetic relation to the parent cell?
Answer
Genetically identical daughter cells
2
Question
What happens to chromosomes before mitosis begins?
Answer
Each chromosome is replicated to form two copies
3
Question
How many nuclear divisions occur in mitosis?
Answer
One nuclear division
4
Question
How many daughter cells are produced by meiosis?
Answer
Four
5
Question
What is the genetic relationship of the haploid cells produced by meiosis to each other?
Answer
Genetically different from one another
6
Question
What is a reduction division?
Answer
Meiosis halves the chromosome number in each daughter cell
7
Question
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of chromosome number in daughter cells?
Answer
Mitosis maintains diploid chromosome number; meiosis produces haploid cells
8
Question
Define asexual reproduction.
Answer
Reproduction from a single parent producing genetically identical offspring
9
Question
Name two organisms that can reproduce asexually.
Answer
Bacteria; Yeast (and some plants like ferns and runners in strawberries)
10
Question
What advantage is associated with asexual reproduction?
Answer
Only one parent needed; faster population increase
11
Question
What disadvantage is associated with asexual reproduction?
Answer
All individuals share the same characteristics; reduced genetic variation
12
Question
In meiosis, what happens to the chromosome number and why is it called reduction division?
Answer
Halved chromosome number; because diploid becomes haploid
13
Question
How many nuclear divisions occur in meiosis?
Answer
Two nuclear divisions
14
Question
What is the ploidy of cells produced by meiosis?
Answer
Haploid cells
15
Question
What is asexual reproduction?
Answer
Production of genetically identical offspring from one parent
16
Question
Give an example organism that reproduces asexually.
Answer
Bacteria (example)
17
Question
What is fertilization in sexual reproduction?
Answer
Fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote
18
Question
Are offspring from sexual reproduction genetically identical to the parents?
Answer
No; they are genetically different from each other and from the parents
19
Question
What are gametes in animals?
Answer
Male: sperm; Female: egg
20
Question
What is the nucleus status of a zygote?
Answer
Diploid (2n)
21
Question
What is diploid?
Answer
Two copies of each chromosome (2n)
22
Question
Name parts of a flower involved in reproduction.
Answer
Stigma, style, ovary (female); anther, filament (male); ovule (female gamete)
23
Question
What is the advantage of sexual reproduction in a population?
Answer
Introduces genetic variation among offspring
24
Question
Why is genetic variation beneficial in the wild?
Answer
Increases resistance to environmental changes and diseases
25
Question
What is selective breeding in crops?
Answer
Choosing the best traits from different strains to create new plants
26
Question
List a disadvantage of sexual reproduction related to mating.
Answer
Requires time and energy to find a mate
27
Question
What is a common drawback of sexual reproduction in terms of rate?
Answer
It is slower than asexual reproduction
28
Question
In the comparison table, how many parents are involved in asexual reproduction?
Answer
One
29
Question
In the comparison table, how many parents are involved in sexual reproduction?
Answer
Two
30
Question
What is a key characteristic of asexual offspring?
Answer
Genetically identical to the parent