/
Ortho Nursing Principles and Procedures
Save to my account
Sign up
Ortho Nursing Principles and Procedures
Ortho Nursing Principles and Procedures
Study
1
Question
What characterizes short bones?
Answer
Cancellous bone covered by compact bone
2
Question
What is unique about irregular bones?
Answer
Unique shapes related to function
3
Question
What is the periosteum?
Answer
Dense fibrous membrane covering the bone
4
Question
Which factors stimulate bone formation?
Answer
Physical activity; adequate calcium; hormones (calcitriol, PTH, calcitonin, thyroid hormone, cortisol, growth hormone, estrogen, testosterone)
5
Question
How often should the nurse inspect pin sites for reaction or infection?
Answer
Every 8 hours
6
Question
Are patients allowed to shower with pins inserted, and if so, when?
Answer
Yes; within 5 to 10 days of pin insertion, with pins exposed to water flow
7
Question
What is the critical warning about weights in skeletal traction?
Answer
Do not remove weights except in life-threatening situations
8
Question
Which two respiratory complications are listed as potential issues in traction patients?
Answer
Atelectasis and pneumonia
9
Question
What breathing practice should be taught to aid in lung expansion and clearing secretions?
Answer
Deep breathing and coughing exercises
10
Question
What dietary measures help with constipation and anorexia in skeletal traction patients?
Answer
High-fiber, high-fluid diet; stool softeners or laxatives if needed
11
Question
What should be encouraged to prevent urinary stasis and infection?
Answer
Increased fluid intake to prevent dehydration
12
Question
What signs suggest venous thromboembolism should be monitored in patients with traction?
Answer
Unilateral calf tenderness, warmth, redness, swelling (increased calf circumference)
13
Question
In balanced skeletal traction, what is the general rule for weight distribution related to the patient’s body weight?
Answer
Traction: 10% of body weight; Suspension: 50% or half of the traction bag weight
14
Question
What position is generally recommended during traction to maintain line of pull?
Answer
Supine/dorsal recumbent position with line of pull aligned to deformity
15
Question
Name three nursing interventions listed for managing patients under traction.
Answer
General hygiene and comfort; sponging affected leg; conditioning exercises (deep breathing, dorsiflexion/plantar flexion)
16
Question
What is the purpose of preoperative skin preparation in joint replacement patients?
Answer
To reduce infection risk before surgery
17
Question
When should prophylactic antibiotics be given to prevent postoperative infection?
Answer
60 minutes before incision
18
Question
What may be required if a prosthesis becomes infected?
Answer
Removal of the implant and joint revision
19
Question
What is a key nursing goal for promoting ambulation after joint replacement?
Answer
Achieve independent ambulation
20
Question
What positioning helps prevent dislocation of a hip prosthesis?
Answer
Abduction of the leg
21
Question
Why is an abduction splint or wedge pillow used after hip replacement?
Answer
To keep the hip in abduction and prevent dislocation
22
Question
What hip flexion angle is avoided after total hip replacement?
Answer
Not exceeding 90 degrees of flexion
23
Question
What seating and chair features help minimize hip joint flexion post-hip replacement?
Answer
High-seat chairs, semi-reclining wheelchairs, raised toilet seats
24
Question
What activity should a patient avoid to prevent prosthesis dislocation?
Answer
Crossing legs and bending at the waist to put on shoes/socks
25
Question
What should be done if a hip prosthesis dislocates?
Answer
Notify the surgeon immediately
26
Question
What is the typical content of wound drainage that is expected in the early hours post-surgery?
Answer
Drainage of 200 to 500 mL in the first hours
27
Question
What imaging or monitoring helps detect deep vein thrombosis post-surgery?
Answer
Signs like calf pain, swelling, tenderness; anti-embolism stockings; anticoagulants as prescribed
28
Question
Name two medications used for DVT prophylaxis mentioned in the material.
Answer
Fondaparinux (Arixtra) and low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin, dalteparin)
29
Question
What are potential infection management steps after joint replacement?
Answer
Avoid infection sources; prescribe prophylactic antibiotics for procedures; debridement or prosthesis removal for severe infections; antibiotics if infection occurs.
30
Question
When is total knee replacement considered?
Answer
For severe pain and disabilities from destruction of joint surfaces by OA or RA.