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Enteral Nutrition Screening and Management
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1
Question
What is the purpose of nutritional screening in enteral care?
Answer
Identify malnutrition risk and guide therapy decisions
2
Question
When should nutritional screening be applied for admitted patients?
Answer
Within 72 hours of admission and repeated as needed
3
Question
Who can perform nutritional screening?
Answer
Dietitian or trained professional
4
Question
What is the main goal of nutritional assessment in this context?
Answer
Early risk identification and personalized intervention
5
Question
How is Body Mass Index (BMI) categorized in the provided scheme?
Answer
<16 severe thinness; 16.0-16.9; 17.0-18.4; 18.5-24.9 normal; 25.0-29.9 overweight; 30.0-34.9 obesity I; 35.0-39.9 obesity II
6
Question
List two anthropometric measurements included in the assessment.
Answer
Weight, height (or estimated height)
7
Question
What components are involved in the conduct of nutritional care planning?
Answer
Clinical history, anthropometric measures, nutritional screening tools, lab tests, energy and protein needs, intervention planning, route of nutrition
8
Question
What is enteral nutrition and when is it indicated?
Answer
Specialized nutrition via the gastrointestinal tract used when oral intake is insufficient or not possible; indicated in desnutrição, caquexia, pre/post-surgical, oncology, sepsis, burns, GI disorders, or weaning from parenteral nutrition.
9
Question
What are common indications for enteral nutrition listed in the document?
Answer
Inability to use oral route; intake <50% needs for >7 days; malnutrition; pre/post-surgical; cancer; sepsis; burns; eating disorders; GI diseases; weaning from parenteral nutrition
10
Question
What equipment is needed for preparing/administrating enteral nutrition?
Answer
Enteral diet, plastic bottle, tubing set, 20 mL syringe, disinfectant, funnel, blender, measuring cup, clean water, y-site hanger, pump for infusion, hypoallergenic tape
11
Question
What does the term "via oral" imply in the context of feeding routes?
Answer
Oral feeding can be used in combination with enteral feeding; begin with oral if possible
12
Question
Describe the four diagrams related to feeding routes described in the image section.
Answer
Figure 1: nasogastric tube (nose-stomach); Figure 2: nasoenteral tube (nose–small intestine); Figure 3: gastrostomy; Figure 4: jejunostomy
13
Question
List the essential equipment and materials needed for enteral feeding as described.
Answer
Enteral diet (industrialized or homemade); plastic bottle for open-system diets; tubing set; 20 mL syringe; hypochlorite or unscented bleach; funnel; blender (for powder or homemade diets); measuring cup (for powder or homemade diets); filtered/boiled water at room temperature; place to hang bottle; disinfection bucket; plastic container for refrigerator storage; infusion pump; hypoallergenic tape.
14
Question
What is the first-choice route for enteral feeding, and what should be done if it’s not possible?
Answer
First choice: oral route. If not possible, start enteral feeding as early as possible.
15
Question
Which labels are shown in the image descriptions of the digestive tract diagrams?
Answer
Faringe, Sonda, Esôfago, Estômago, Intestino Grosso, Intestino Delgado, Reto, Anus.
16
Question
What are the four figure captions for the nasogastric and enteral feeding diagrams?
Answer
Figura 1 Sonda nasogástrica (nariz-estômago); Figura 2 - Sonda nasoenteral (nariz-intestino delgado); Figura 3 - Gastrostomia; Figura 4 - Jejunostomia.
17
Question
In patient preparation for enteral feeding, what bed position should be maintained during continuous feeding?
Answer
Head of bed elevated at 30-45 degrees throughout the feeding.
18
Question
What are the bolus medication administration guidelines for enteral feeding?
Answer
Administer by bolus with syringe; prefer liquid forms; crush solids to powder and reconstitute in water; aspirate and inject into the tube; administer slowly; flush with water before and after; give 1 hour before or 2 hours after feeding.
19
Question
What complications should be monitored for in enteral feeding?
Answer
Tube obstruction unrelieved by attempts; cracks or loss of tube; abdominal pain during feeding; choking or persistent coughing and shortness of breath; cyanosis or injury at tube site; persistent nausea/vomiting; constipation >5 days; diarrhea >24h without improvement; regurgitation >5 cm; bleeding; leakage around ostomy; fever >37.8°C.
20
Question
What is the purpose of nutritional screening in enteral care?
Answer
Identify malnutrition risk and guide therapy decisions
21
Question
Who can perform nutritional screening?
Answer
Dietitian or trained healthcare professional
22
Question
Name three validated screening tools listed for nutritional assessment.
Answer
ASG, MUST, MNA-SF
23
Question
What is the main goal of nutritional assessment in this context?
Answer
Early risk identification and personalized intervention
24
Question
How is BMI categorized in the provided scheme?
Answer
<16: severe thinness; 16.0–16.9; 17.0–18.4; 18.5–24.9: normal; 25.0–29.9: overweight; 30.0–34.9: obesity I; 35.0–39.9: obesity II
25
Question
List two anthropometric measurements included in the assessment.
Answer
Weight and height (or estimated height)
26
Question
What components are involved in nutritional care planning?
Answer
Clinical history, anthropometry, screening tools, labs, energy/protein needs, intervention plan, route of nutrition
27
Question
What is enteral nutrition and when is it indicated?
Answer
Nutrition via GI tract used when oral intake is insufficient or not possible
28
Question
Name three benefits of enteral nutrition.
Answer
Maintains gut integrity, supports treatment, reduces infections and complications
29
Question
Name three indications for enteral nutrition.
Answer
Inability to use oral route; inadequate intake; malnutrition; pre/post-surgical; cancer; sepsis; burns
30
Question
List three contraindications to enteral nutrition.
Answer
Nonfunctioning GI tract; mechanical obstruction; shock