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Self Concept and Self Esteem
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1
Question
What is the self-concept?
Answer
The overall image or awareness we have of ourselves, including perceptions, feelings, beliefs, and values.
2
Question
What are the functions of the self-concept?
Answer
It acts as a glue connecting experiences, behavior, and feelings and filters perception and action.
3
Question
How does self-concept relate to consistency over time?
Answer
It provides coherence, making us feel we are the same person despite changes around us.
4
Question
How do people protect the self by seeking positive information?
Answer
They seek praise from others, for example via social media comments.
5
Question
What is body image in the context of the self?
Answer
Awareness and perception of one’s own body.
6
Question
What is self-image?
Answer
The self-view formed from self-perceptions and others’ judgments over time.
7
Question
What is the ideal self?
Answer
The self one would like to be.
8
Question
What is the social self?
Answer
The way one believes others see them.
9
Question
What happens when there is a discrepancy between self-image and others’ views?
Answer
A person may become self-conscious or experience distress.
10
Question
What does the term ‘self-serving attributional bias’ mean?
Answer
Attributing good outcomes to oneself and blaming others for failures.
11
Question
Why might fear of death be linked to the self-concept?
Answer
It may reflect fear of dissolution of personal identity.
12
Question
What is meant by the self-concept functioning as a filter?
Answer
It shapes perception, judgments, and actions to align with one’s self-view.
13
Question
What is the difference between self-image and ideal self?
Answer
Self-image is how one sees themselves; ideal self is how one would like to be.
14
Question
Give an example of discounting’s impact on behavior.
Answer
A student who undervalues academics to protect self-worth.
15
Question
What is meant by ‘multiple selves’?
Answer
The idea that people have different self-aspects (academic, athletic, etc.) that can vary by context.
16
Question
Why is objective self-assessment important for personal growth?
Answer
It helps identify strengths and weaknesses for development.
17
Question
What is the social function of self-views in adolescence?
Answer
Peer feedback influences self-perceptions and behaviors.
18
Question
How can positive social feedback influence the self-concept long-term?
Answer
It reinforces positive self-views and motivates growth.
19
Question
Define self-image as described in the text.
Answer
The way you see yourself, built from self-perceptions and others' treatment
20
Question
What can influence self-image during middle childhood according to the text?
Answer
Teasing by family members leading to low self-esteem and depression
21
Question
How can negative parental statements affect a child’s self-image long-term?
Answer
They can contribute to lasting negative self-image unless revised by new experiences
22
Question
What is the ideal self?
Answer
The self you would like to become, reflecting aspirations, morals, and values
23
Question
How should aspirational goals ideally evolve over time?
Answer
They should become self-chosen goals that reflect healthy growth and self-esteem
24
Question
What is the social self?
Answer
The impressions we think others have of us, which may differ from reality
25
Question
Explain the spotlight effect as described in the text.
Answer
The belief that others pay more attention to us than they actually do
26
Question
What is self-complexity?
Answer
The extent to which the self-concept is made up of many differentiated self-aspects
27
Question
How can social influences shape the self-concept?
Answer
Different people reveal different aspects of self, altering self-perception
28
Question
What is self-enhancement?
Answer
The universal tendency to evaluate oneself positively
29
Question
Differentiate self-consistency from self-enhancement.
Answer
Self-consistency = stable core beliefs; self-enhancement = bias toward positive self-view
30
Question
What is the relationship between core self-concept and change over time?
Answer
Core concepts are highly stable; peripheral aspects change more easily