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Old Testament Foundations
Study
1
Question
What are the three worlds used to study the Old Testament (OT)?
Answer
World behind the text, World of the text, World in front of the text
2
Question
Which empires surrounded Israel according to the review sheet?
Answer
Egyptians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Romans
3
Question
Which two kingdoms did Israel split into?
Answer
Israel (north) and Judah (south)
4
Question
What is the significance of Jerusalem in the monarchy period?
Answer
Capital city of Israel and remains capital in Judah
5
Question
Name two key dates related to ancient Israel’s history.
Answer
722 BCE fall of the Northern Kingdom; 586 BCE destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon
6
Question
What are the three ancient textual traditions mentioned?
Answer
Masoretic Text, Dead Sea Scrolls, Septuagint
7
Question
What are the Dead Sea Scrolls?
Answer
Oldest known Hebrew texts found in Qumran caves from the 3rd century BCE
8
Question
What is the Septuagint?
Answer
Ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew text begun around 250 BCE
9
Question
What is the Tor ah Creation Account Genesis 1 characterized as?
Answer
A highly structured poem with 7 days of creation
10
Question
On which day is humanity created in Genesis 1?
Answer
The 6th day
11
Question
What does the creation account in Genesis 1 suggest about humanity’s role?
Answer
Equality of men and women; humanity as the image of God
12
Question
How is the creation account in Genesis 1 likened to temple construction?
Answer
Creation seen as YHWH’s temple with humanity as the image/idol representing YHWH
13
Question
What are the key features of Genesis 2-4 (the Second Creation Account)?
Answer
Garden setting; main figures God, man, woman, Cain, Abel, serpent; humans’ creation and fall; Cain and Abel narrative
14
Question
What is the central narrative of the ANE creation account Enuma Elish?
Answer
Battle of Marduk vs. Tiamat; world created from Tiamat’s dead body; humanity from Qingu’s blood to serve gods
15
Question
What is a major difference between Genesis creation accounts and Enuma Elish?
Answer
Genesis uses creation by speech; Genesis humanity formed from dust, not blood of a god
16
Question
What are the essential elements of a covenant?
Answer
Parties, promises/terms, sign
17
Question
Name the four covenants in the OT as listed.
Answer
Noahide, Abrahamic, Sinai, Davidic
18
Question
Who are the parties and sign of the Noahide covenant?
Answer
YHWH and all creation; sign: bow in the sky
19
Question
What are the promises of the Abrahamic covenant and its sign?
Answer
Land, descendants, blessing; sign: circumcision
20
Question
What are the parties, promise, and sign of the Sinai covenant?
Answer
YHWH and Israel; promise: divine presence and delivery to land; sign: Sabbath and Ark of the Covenant
21
Question
What is the basic story of Exodus in brief?
Answer
Israelites enslaved in Egypt; Moses called; plagues; Passover; liberation from Egypt
22
Question
What ritual actions mark the Passover as described in Exodus 12?
Answer
Sacrifice lamb; blood on doorposts; eat unleavened bread
23
Question
What is a central theme of salvation in the OT as seen in Exodus?
Answer
Deliverance from bondage to be God’s people
24
Question
What is the primary purpose of the Law according to the review?
Answer
Describe how the people of YHWH worship and live daily
25
Question
Which books contain the Law?
Answer
Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
26
Question
What is the Shema and where is it found?
Answer
Summary of the law; Deuteronomy 6:4-9
27
Question
Name some types of offerings described in Leviticus and Numbers.
Answer
Burnt, grain, wellbeing, sin, guilt, drink offerings
28
Question
What is the role of the Levites?
Answer
Priests for the nation; not given land allotment
29
Question
What are the three-worlds approach to OT study?
Answer
World behind the text, World of the text, World in front of the text
30
Question
Name the four covenants in the OT as listed.
Answer
Noahide, Abrahamic, Sinai, Davidic