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Matter and Atomic Basics
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Matter and Atomic Basics
Matter and Atomic Basics
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1
Question
What is mass in the context of matter?
Answer
The amount of matter in a substance.
2
Question
What does volume measure?
Answer
The amount of space something occupies.
3
Question
What is diffusion?
Answer
Spread of a substance through another substance by random motion.
4
Question
Which states of matter can diffusion occur in?
Answer
Liquids and gases.
5
Question
State the order of states in the diffusion description: Solid → Liquid → Gas or opposite?
Answer
Solid → Liquid → Gas.
6
Question
Describe particle arrangement in a solid.
Answer
Tightly packed with little movement; vibrate in place.
7
Question
Describe particle arrangement in a liquid.
Answer
Loosely packed with more space; particles slide past each other.
8
Question
Describe particle arrangement in a gas.
Answer
Very spaced apart; particles move randomly with large spaces.
9
Question
What is density?
Answer
Mass per unit volume.
10
Question
State the formula for density.
Answer
Density = mass/volume.
11
Question
What can you say about the density of a substance when given mass and volume?
Answer
Density equals mass divided by volume.
12
Question
What are the typical room-temperature states for metals?
Answer
Solid (usually); exceptions exist for some metal alloys that melt.
13
Question
Do metals conduct electricity and heat well or poorly?
Answer
Well; they conduct electricity and heat well.
14
Question
What term describes the ability to be drawn into wires?
Answer
Ductility.
15
Question
What term describes the ability to be hammered into sheets?
Answer
Malleability.
16
Question
What is an atom?
Answer
The smallest unit of an element that retains its properties.
17
Question
What is an element?
Answer
A pure substance made of only one type of atom.
18
Question
What is a compound?
Answer
A substance made of two or more different elements chemically combined.
19
Question
What is a molecule?
Answer
Two or more atoms bonded together chemically.
20
Question
What is an ion?
Answer
An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of electrons.
21
Question
What is a chemical change?
Answer
A permanent change forming new substances.
22
Question
What is a physical change?
Answer
A reversible change without forming new substances.
23
Question
List two indicators of a chemical change.
Answer
Colour change; precipitate formation.
24
Question
List two indicators of a physical change.
Answer
Change of state; no new substance formed.
25
Question
What is exothermic?
Answer
Releases heat to the surroundings.
26
Question
What is endothermic?
Answer
Absorbs heat from the surroundings.
27
Question
What is the Particle Theory used to describe?
Answer
States of matter and changes of state.
28
Question
How do you calculate density of a solid?
Answer
Density = mass/volume with appropriate units.
29
Question
What does the Periodic Table show about elements?
Answer
Symbols, groups, periods, and properties.
30
Question
What are groups in the periodic table?
Answer
Vertical columns of elements with similar properties.