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World Englishes and Language Systems
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World Englishes and Language Systems
World Englishes and Language Systems
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1
Question
What is purposive communication focused on in human interaction?
Answer
Use of words in a structured, conventional way
2
Question
Define mother tongue.
Answer
Language grown up speaking from early childhood
3
Question
What is dialect?
Answer
A language form peculiar to a region or social group
4
Question
How is slang characterized?
Answer
Informal, spoken language restricted to a context or group
5
Question
What is jargon?
Answer
Specialized terms used by a profession or group
6
Question
What does lingua franca mean?
Answer
Common language between speakers of different native languages
7
Question
What are the main components of a language system?
Answer
Grammar, phonology, morphology, lexicon/vocabulary
8
Question
What is the difference between language learning and language acquisition?
Answer
Learning is conscious; acquisition is subconscious and developmental
9
Question
According to Noam Chomsky, what is innate in children?
Answer
Inherited ability to acquire any human language
10
Question
What is first language (L1)?
Answer
Native language learned from birth during the critical period
11
Question
What is second language (L2)?
Answer
Any language other than one's first language
12
Question
What does World Englishes describe?
Answer
Global varieties of English influenced by culture and locale
13
Question
Who introduced the concept of World Englishes?
Answer
Braj Kachru
14
Question
What are the Three Circles of English?
Answer
Inner Circle, Outer Circle, Expanding Circle
15
Question
Which countries are in the Inner Circle?
Answer
Australia, Britain, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, USA
16
Question
Which countries are in the Outer Circle?
Answer
India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, Singapore, South Africa, others
17
Question
What characterizes the Expanding Circle?
Answer
English as a lingua franca studied as a foreign language
18
Question
What does the term ‘ownership of English’ imply?
Answer
No single nation owns global English; it is dispersed
19
Question
Give an example of Philippine English usage.
Answer
“Open the lights” instead of “turn on the lights”
20
Question
Give an example of Indian English usage.
Answer
“Do the needful”
21
Question
What is Singlish a variant of?
Answer
Singapore English
22
Question
What is a primary challenge of World Englishes?
Answer
Miscommunication across varieties
23
Question
What is a key benefit of understanding World Englishes?
Answer
Reduces linguistic discrimination
24
Question
What is the core idea of a language’s sound system?
Answer
Phonology
25
Question
What does morphology study?
Answer
Internal structure of words
26
Question
What does a lexicon contain?
Answer
Vocabulary of a language
27
Question
What is language acquisition opposed to learning?
Answer
Acquisition is subconscious; learning is conscious
28
Question
What is the significance of critical period in language development?
Answer
Timing influences L1 acquisition ease
29
Question
What is the function of grammar?
Answer
Rules governing language structure
30
Question
What is the function of phonology?
Answer
Rules governing sound patterns