/
Flashcards from Upload
Save to my account
Sign up
Flashcards from Upload
Cardiovascular System Basics
Study
1
Question
What is atrial systole?
Answer
Atria contract and pump blood into ventricles
2
Question
What is ventricular systole?
Answer
Ventricles contract and pump blood out of the heart
3
Question
Approximately how many times does the heart beat per minute on average?
Answer
About 70 times per minute
4
Question
How much blood does an adult heart pump daily?
Answer
About 7,500 liters per day
5
Question
What occurs during diastole?
Answer
Atria and ventricles relax; they fill with blood
6
Question
What is the total approximate length of blood vessels in the body?
Answer
About 60,000 miles
7
Question
What are the two main responsibilities of the heart?
Answer
Deliver oxygen/nutrients; remove wastes
8
Question
What device is used to listen to the heart?
Answer
Stethoscope
9
Question
What device measures blood pressure?
Answer
Sphygmomanometer
10
Question
What sound does a healthy heart make, and what causes it?
Answer
LUB-DUB; valves closing
11
Question
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Answer
Two atria and two ventricles
12
Question
Which valves are the semilunar valves?
Answer
Aortic valve and pulmonary valve
13
Question
Which valves are the atrioventricular valves?
Answer
Tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral valves
14
Question
What is the function of the endocardium?
Answer
Innermost heart lining; endothelium; regulates blood flow inside heart
15
Question
What is the myocardium?
Answer
Middle, muscular heart layer (cardiac muscle)
16
Question
What is the epicardium?
Answer
Outer layer of the heart, part of the pericardium
17
Question
What is the pericardium?
Answer
Double serous membrane surrounding the heart
18
Question
What is the lumen?
Answer
Hollow space inside a blood vessel or heart chamber
19
Question
What separates the left and right sides of the heart?
Answer
Septum (thick muscular wall)
20
Question
What is the vascular system?
Answer
Arteries, veins, capillaries and associated vessels
21
Question
What vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Answer
Arteries and arterioles
22
Question
What vessels carry blood back to the heart?
Answer
Veins and venules
23
Question
What are capillaries?
Answer
Exchange vessels connecting arterioles to venules
24
Question
What is the difference between arteries and veins in terms of lumen size?
Answer
Arteries have smaller lumens; veins have larger lumens
25
Question
What is meant by capillary beds?
Answer
Networks of capillaries where exchange occurs
26
Question
What is a true capillary?
Answer
Exchange vessel connecting arterioles and venules
27
Question
What is a vascular shunt?
Answer
Direct arteriole–venule connection bypassing capillaries
28
Question
What is ateriosclerosis?
Answer
Plaque buildup narrows arteries, reducing blood flow
29
Question
What is an aneurysm?
Answer
Weak artery wall that balloons outward and may rupture
30
Question
What is angina pectoris?
Answer
Chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart