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Basic Pharmacology Concepts
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Basic Pharmacology Concepts
Basic Pharmacology Concepts
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1
Question
What is pharmacology in one sentence?
Answer
Science of drugs and their effects on living systems.
2
Question
What is a drug?
Answer
Any chemical that alters body function.
3
Question
What is liberation in pharmacokinetics?
Answer
Release of drug from its formulation.
4
Question
What is absorption?
Answer
Drug movement from administration site to bloodstream.
5
Question
What is distribution?
Answer
Drug movement from bloodstream to tissues.
6
Question
What is metabolism in pharmacokinetics?
Answer
Biotransformation of drug, mainly in liver.
7
Question
What is excretion/elimination?
Answer
Removal of drug and metabolites from body.
8
Question
What is the difference between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics?
Answer
PK = body actions on drug; PD = drug actions on body.
9
Question
What is the enteral route of administration?
Answer
Drugs given by mouth or oral mucosa.
10
Question
What are sublingual and buccal routes?
Answer
Sublingual: under tongue; Buccal: between gum and cheek.
11
Question
What is first-pass metabolism?
Answer
Liver metabolism of drug before systemic circulation.
12
Question
What is an enteric-coated tablet?
Answer
Coating protecting drug from stomach acid.
13
Question
What is an extended-release preparation?
Answer
Coatings/ingredients slow release for longer action.
14
Question
What is the parenteral route?
Answer
Administration bypassing GI tract into systemic circulation.
15
Question
What is IV administration?
Answer
Intravenous; rapid effect and high control.
16
Question
What is a depot injection?
Answer
Depot = slow-release preparation.
17
Question
What is IM administration?
Answer
Intramuscular injection with rapid or depot absorption.
18
Question
What is SC administration?
Answer
Subcutaneous injection; slower, sustained absorption.
19
Question
What is intrathecal administration?
Answer
Drug delivered into subarachnoid space around spinal cord.
20
Question
What is intraperitoneal administration?
Answer
Drug delivered into peritoneal cavity.
21
Question
What is intradermal administration?
Answer
Injection into the dermis; slowest absorption among parenterals.
22
Question
What are the key factors determined by pharmacokinetics?
Answer
Onset, intensity, duration of drug action.
23
Question
Why is distribution to tissues important?
Answer
Determines tissue exposure and effects.
24
Question
What is the significance of route selection?
Answer
Affects bioavailability and onset of action.
25
Question
What is receptor binding?
Answer
Drug interacts with target to produce effect.
26
Question
What is an antagonist?
Answer
Blocks or dampens a receptor response.
27
Question
What is an agonist?
Answer
Activates receptor to produce response.
28
Question
What is efficacy in pharmacodynamics?
Answer
Maximum effect a drug can produce.
29
Question
What is potency?
Answer
Amount of drug needed for a given effect.
30
Question
What is a dose-response relationship?
Answer
Relationship between dose and effect magnitude.