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Fundamentals of Cartography and GIS
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Fundamentals of Cartography and GIS
Fundamentals of Cartography and GIS
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1
Question
What is a map?
Answer
Two‑dimensional representation of Earth showing spatial relationships
2
Question
What is cartography?
Answer
Science and art of creating maps to represent geographic information
3
Question
What is a reference map?
Answer
Shows general information like political boundaries or physical features
4
Question
What is a thematic map?
Answer
Focuses on specific data such as population density or climate zones
5
Question
What is map projection?
Answer
A method to represent the curved Earth on a flat map, causing distortions
6
Question
Name a projection that preserves shape but distorts area.
Answer
Mercator projection
7
Question
Name a projection that balances distortions.
Answer
Robinson projection
8
Question
What does scale determine on a map?
Answer
Level of detail from local to global
9
Question
What is absolute location?
Answer
Coordinates: latitude and longitude
10
Question
What is relative location?
Answer
Position relative to other places
11
Question
Why do map projections distort some properties?
Answer
Earth’s curvature cannot be perfectly flattened
12
Question
What is the Mercator projection especially distortion-prone near the poles?
Answer
Regions near the poles are greatly distorted
13
Question
What is a GIS?
Answer
Geographic Information System that layers data to analyze spatial patterns
14
Question
What is qualitative data in geography?
Answer
Descriptive characteristics without numerical values
15
Question
What is quantitative data in geography?
Answer
Numerical measurements like counts or temperatures
16
Question
What is remote sensing?
Answer
Data collection via satellites or aerial imagery
17
Question
What is field observation?
Answer
Direct data collection at a location (surveys/interviews)
18
Question
What is census data used for?
Answer
Detailed demographic information for population analysis
19
Question
What is geovisualization?
Answer
Displaying data through maps/charts for communication
20
Question
What is spatial analysis?
Answer
Analyzing patterns and relationships using GIS tools
21
Question
What is data accuracy in geographic analyses?
Answer
Correctness and precision of data used in analysis
22
Question
What is scale in cartography?
Answer
Ratio or representation of distance on map to real distance on Earth
23
Question
What is cartographic scale?
Answer
Way map communicates scale (written, ratio, or graphic)
24
Question
What does a small scale map show?
Answer
Large area with less detail
25
Question
What does a large scale map show?
Answer
Small area with more detail
26
Question
What is local scale?
Answer
Map examining a very small area with high detail
27
Question
What is global scale?
Answer
Map examining the entire Earth with low detail
28
Question
What is the difference between a ratio scale and a written scale?
Answer
Ratio expresses distance proportion; written explains the scale in words
29
Question
What is a choropleth map?
Answer
Map using color or shading to show data classification
30
Question
Why is the 2016 Electoral College map discussed in this material?
Answer
To illustrate the weakness of scale and data classification