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Problem Solving and Programming Fundamentals
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Problem Solving and Programming Fundamentals
Problem Solving and Programming Fundamentals
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1
Question
What are the six steps of the Problem Solving Life Cycle in order?
Answer
Understanding, Analyzing, Planning, Implementation, Testing & Debugging, Documentation & Maintenance
2
Question
What is the primary goal of Understanding the Problem stage?
Answer
Clearly define the problem
3
Question
What activities are involved in Analyzing the Problem stage?
Answer
Break into parts, identify inputs and outputs
4
Question
What is produced during the Planning Program Design stage?
Answer
Algorithmic plan and design (flowcharts, steps)
5
Question
What occurs during the Implementation stage?
Answer
Write the program in a programming language
6
Question
What is the purpose of Testing & Debugging?
Answer
Find and fix errors, ensure correct behavior
7
Question
Why is Documentation & Maintenance important?
Answer
Keep records and enable future improvements
8
Question
What tools are commonly used in the Planning Program Design stage?
Answer
Algorithms and flowcharts
9
Question
What is the top-down approach to problem solving?
Answer
Break big problem into smaller modules
10
Question
What is the bottom-up approach to problem solving?
Answer
Solve small parts first, then combine
11
Question
Define an algorithm.
Answer
A finite, step-by-step procedure to solve a problem
12
Question
List three characteristics of an algorithm.
Answer
Finite steps, clear/unambiguous, defined inputs/outputs
13
Question
What condition must flowcharts satisfy to be effective?
Answer
Clearly represent the algorithm and flow of control
14
Question
What symbol is used for Start/End in a flowchart?
Answer
Oval
15
Question
What symbol represents Input/Output in a flowchart?
Answer
Parallelogram
16
Question
What symbol represents Decision in a flowchart?
Answer
Diamond
17
Question
What symbol represents Process/Calculation in a flowchart?
Answer
Rectangle
18
Question
What is the role of an assembler?
Answer
Converts Assembly language to machine code
19
Question
What does a compiler do?
Answer
Converts whole program to machine code at once
20
Question
What is the primary difference between a compiler and an interpreter?
Answer
Compiler: entire program; Interpreter: line-by-line execution
21
Question
Name a low-level programming language.
Answer
Machine code or Assembly language
22
Question
Name a high-level programming language.
Answer
C, Java, Python
23
Question
What is a syntax error?
Answer
Mistakes in the grammar of the language (e.g., missing ;)
24
Question
What is a logical error?
Answer
Wrong logic causing incorrect output despite no runtime errors
25
Question
What is a runtime error?
Answer
Error that occurs during execution (e.g., divide by zero)
26
Question
What is Testing in the context of programming?
Answer
Running the program with different inputs to check behavior
27
Question
What is Debugging?
Answer
Finding and fixing errors in a program
28
Question
How does top-down design help in managing complexity?
Answer
By breaking a problem into smaller modules
29
Question
How does bottom-up design help in integrating solutions?
Answer
By solving simple components and combining into a complete solution
30
Question
What is the purpose of documenting code and design decisions?
Answer
Aid understanding, maintenance, and future improvements