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Piping Joints and Fittings Overview
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Piping Joints and Fittings Overview
Piping Joints and Fittings Overview
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1
Question
What is the purpose of pipes in piping systems?
Answer
To carry fluids from one place to another
2
Question
Which materials are commonly used for pipes depending on the conveyed fluid?
Answer
Cast iron, wrought iron, steel, brass, copper, PVC
3
Question
What does pipe size designation by bore diameter also refer to?
Answer
Nominal diameter
4
Question
Why are pipe joints used in pipeline systems?
Answer
To achieve desired length, bends, or branches
5
Question
Where are socket and spigot joints mainly used?
Answer
Underground pipelines of large diameters
6
Question
What are the two ends of a socket and spigot joint called?
Answer
Socket and spigot
7
Question
How is the space between socket and spigot joints filled?
Answer
With rope (jute or coir) and molten lead
8
Question
What settlement issue does socket and spigot joints accommodate?
Answer
Small changes in level due to earth settlement
9
Question
What is a collar joint?
Answer
A joint where ends are connected with a short sleeve around the pipe ends
10
Question
What material is cement mortar used in collar joints?
Answer
Cement mortar (cement: sand = 1:1)
11
Question
In which pipe types is collar joints more common?
Answer
Cast iron, concrete, asbestos cement pipes
12
Question
When are flanged joints typically used?
Answer
For high-pressure conveyance and temporary pipelines
13
Question
What forms the flange connection in a flanged joint?
Answer
Flanges cast integral with pipe ends bolted together with a gasket between them
14
Question
What is the primary purpose of a gasket in a flanged joint?
Answer
Prevent leakage and seal the joint
15
Question
What is a welded joint best suited for?
Answer
High-pressure and high-temperature pipelines (steam, oil, gas)
16
Question
What is expansion joint used for?
Answer
To accommodate expansions/contractions due to temperature variations
17
Question
What types of fittings can act as expansion joints in long pipes?
Answer
Corrugated copper fittings or copper pipe loops
18
Question
What is the purpose of a gland with stuffing box in expansion joints?
Answer
Provide better leakage control with asbestos packing
19
Question
What is a wiped joint primarily used for?
Answer
Lead pipes connections
20
Question
How are wiped joints prepared?
Answer
Ends polished, molten solder poured, solder wiped with cloth and grease
21
Question
What is the general role of pipe fittings?
Answer
Connect, change direction, branch, reduce, or close sections of a pipeline
22
Question
On what basis are pipe fittings selected?
Answer
Pipe material, size, pressure, and purpose
23
Question
What is a coupler in pipe fittings?
Answer
A short pipe with internal threads that connects to externally threaded pipes
24
Question
When is a union joint preferred over a coupler?
Answer
When pipes are fixed or too long to rotate, for easy assembly/removal
25
Question
What is a nipple in pipe fittings?
Answer
A small threaded pipe with external threads all around its outside
26
Question
What does a nipple accomplish in a pipe system?
Answer
Causes restriction to fluid passage due to its small bore
27
Question
What is the purpose of bends and elbows in piping?
Answer
Connect or branch off pipes at right angles
28
Question
What do tees and crosses accomplish in a piping network?
Answer
Combine contents from two pipes into one pipe
29
Question
What is the function of a reducer?
Answer
Connect two pipes of different diameters
30
Question
What characterizes an eccentric reducer?
Answer
Centerline of larger and smaller ends are not in the same line