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Flashcards from PDF
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1
Question
What happens to ice when it is heated?
Answer
Ice transitions to liquid water (melting)
2
Question
What term describes cooling a liquid to become a solid?
Answer
Solidification (freezing)
3
Question
Which phase change occurs at a fixed temperature for a pure substance under 1 atm?
Answer
Melting/freezing point
4
Question
What state is formed when a liquid cools below its melting point with solid lattice?
Answer
Solid (ice)
5
Question
How does heating affect the arrangement of water molecules in ice?
Answer
Molecules gain mobility; rigid lattice breaks down
6
Question
What is the phase change when ice becomes water at 0°C under standard pressure?
Answer
Melting
7
Question
What is the phase change when water becomes ice upon cooling below 0°C?
Answer
Solidification (freezing)
8
Question
What happens to the temperature during a pure solid–liquid phase transition at equilibrium?
Answer
Temperature remains constant
9
Question
Which two states are involved in the melting of a solid?
Answer
Solid and liquid
10
Question
What energy change accompanies melting of ice at its melting point?
Answer
Latent heat of fusion is absorbed
11
Question
During solidification, what happens to the latent heat of fusion?
Answer
Latent heat of fusion is released
12
Question
How does pressure influence melting point for water ice in most cases?
Answer
Melting point of ice decreases with pressure
13
Question
What moniker is given to the solid–liquid phase boundary in a temperature–pressure diagram?
Answer
Fusion curve
14
Question
What property distinguishes a solid from a liquid in terms of particle movement?
Answer
In solids, particles vibrate about fixed positions
15
Question
What happens to entropy during melting of a crystalline solid?
Answer
Entropy increases
16
Question
Which process requires energy input to occur: melting or solidification?
Answer
Melting
17
Question
Which process releases energy: melting or solidification?
Answer
Solidification
18
Question
What term describes the change from a disordered liquid to a more ordered solid?
Answer
Solidification
19
Question
What is the state of water just above 0°C when melting occurs?
Answer
Liquid water
20
Question
What is the state of ice just below 0°C before melting initiates?
Answer
Solid ice
21
Question
In a heating curve for ice–water, what plateau corresponds to melting?
Answer
Melting plateau at 0°C
22
Question
In a heating curve for ice–water, what plateau corresponds to freezing during cooling?
Answer
Freezing plateau at 0°C
23
Question
What do you call the energy per unit mass required to melt ice at its melting point?
Answer
Latent heat of fusion
24
Question
What is the effect of impurities on the melting point of solids?
Answer
Melting point lowers (impurity depresses mp)
25
Question
Which phase transition involves forming an orderly lattice from a disordered liquid?
Answer
Solidification
26
Question
Compare melting in different solids: what factor primarily determines melting point?
Answer
Strength of intermolecular/ionic bonds
27
Question
What happens to entropy and enthalpy during melting at equilibrium?
Answer
Entropy increases; enthalpy increases by latent heat
28
Question
What does 'latent heat' refer to in phase changes?
Answer
Heat absorbed/released without temperature change
29
Question
What happens to vibrational freedom of molecules as ice melts?
Answer
Increases dramatically
30
Question
Which state has fixed shape and volume, contrasting with a liquid's flow?
Answer
Solid