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Fundamentals of Human Nutrition
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Fundamentals of Human Nutrition
Fundamentals of Human Nutrition
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1
Question
What is the primary purpose of nutrition in the human body?
Answer
Supply nutrients for growth, energy, and function
2
Question
Define malnutrition in terms of body nutrient balance.
Answer
Imbalance between nutrient intake and body's needs
3
Question
How many kilocalories per gram do fats provide?
Answer
9 kcal/g
4
Question
What is the basic unit of dietary protein?
Answer
Amino acids
5
Question
Name a key source of protein.
Answer
Lean meat, eggs, dairy, beans
6
Question
Which category of vitamins is fat-soluble?
Answer
Vitamins A, D, E, K
7
Question
Name a fat-soluble vitamin with a role in vision.
Answer
Vitamin A
8
Question
Which vitamin is essential for collagen synthesis and wound healing?
Answer
Vitamin C
9
Question
What is the role of Vitamin D in the body?
Answer
Bone health and calcium/phosphorus metabolism
10
Question
Which nutrient category includes omega-3 and omega-6?
Answer
Essential fatty acids (polyunsaturated fats)
11
Question
What is the main function of B6 (Pyridoxine)?
Answer
Amino acid synthesis and metabolism
12
Question
Which vitamin is primarily involved in RBC formation and DNA synthesis?
Answer
Vitamin B9 (Folic acid)
13
Question
Identify a water-soluble vitamin important for energy metabolism.
Answer
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
14
Question
Identify a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy production and nervous system support.
Answer
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
15
Question
Which vitamin is important for red blood cell formation and nervous system function (B12)?
Answer
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
16
Question
What is the role of Vitamin C in cardiovascular health?
Answer
Antioxidant; collagen synthesis; promotes healing
17
Question
What does a complete protein provide compared to an incomplete one?
Answer
All essential amino acids
18
Question
What is the unit conversion for calories in nutrition?
Answer
1 kilocalorie = 1000 calories
19
Question
Which macronutrient provides the most energy per gram?
Answer
Fats (9 kcal/g)
20
Question
What is a key function of carbohydrates besides energy?
Answer
Fiber for digestion (soluble/insoluble)
21
Question
What is a defining feature of soluble fiber?
Answer
Dissolves in water; forms gel
22
Question
What is a defining feature of insoluble fiber?
Answer
Does not dissolve; adds bulk
23
Question
Which nutrient category includes calcium and phosphorus?
Answer
Minerals
24
Question
Which mineral is essential for bone health and is found in dairy?
Answer
Calcium
25
Question
Which nutrient is necessary to maintain fluid balance and muscle function?
Answer
Potassium
26
Question
What condition describes overhydration with low sodium risk?
Answer
Water intoxication
27
Question
What is Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) used for?
Answer
Nutrient delivery via IV when GI tract unusable
28
Question
What is the typical route for short-term enteral feeding?
Answer
NG tube (nasogastric tube)
29
Question
What broad category does insulin dependence Diabetes mellitus Type 1 fall under?
Answer
Endocrine/metabolic disorder
30
Question
What nutrient is commonly supplied by leafy greens and broccoli?
Answer
Vitamin C or iron (depending context)